Carr B I, Blayney D W, Goldberg D A, Braly P, Metter G E, Doroshow J H
Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010.
Cancer. 1987 Nov 1;60(9):2165-9. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19871101)60:9<2165::aid-cncr2820600908>3.0.co;2-c.
This study investigated the antiemetic properties of four different doses of prochlorperazine (10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg) when given randomly to patients receiving four cycles of the same dose of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Prochlorperazine was given to 71 patients by slow intravenous infusion 30 minutes before and 3 and 6 hours after the start of cisplatin chemotherapy. The higher doses of prochlorperazine proved to be effective in the control of cisplatin-induced emesis. For the 20 patients who completed all 4 study cycles of treatment, a relationship was discerned between the dose of prochlorperazine administered and the antiemetic effect. When all 71 patients were analyzed in terms of the results of the first cycle of chemotherapy, a significant dose-response effect was also found. Overall toxic reactions in 82 treatment cycles using either 30 mg or 40 mg of prochlorperazine were dystonia (1 patient), restlessness (2), hypotension (3), and drowsiness (12). This study demonstrates that higher-than-conventional doses of prochlorperazine have an impressive antinauseant effect with only moderate toxicity.
本研究调查了四种不同剂量（10毫克、20毫克、30毫克、40毫克）的丙氯拉嗪在随机给予接受四个周期相同剂量顺铂化疗的患者时的止吐特性。在顺铂化疗开始前30分钟以及开始后3小时和6小时，通过缓慢静脉输注给71名患者使用丙氯拉嗪。结果证明，较高剂量的丙氯拉嗪对控制顺铂引起的呕吐有效。对于完成全部4个研究治疗周期的20名患者，观察到所给予的丙氯拉嗪剂量与止吐效果之间存在关联。当根据化疗第一个周期的结果对全部71名患者进行分析时，也发现了显著的剂量反应效应。在使用30毫克或40毫克丙氯拉嗪的82个治疗周期中，总体毒性反应包括肌张力障碍（1例患者）、烦躁不安（2例）、低血压（3例）和嗜睡（12例）。本研究表明，高于常规剂量的丙氯拉嗪具有显著的止吐作用，且毒性仅为中度。
