University of Waterloo, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2021 Aug 2;10(9):17. doi: 10.1167/tvst.10.9.17.
In this study, we apply psychophysical scaling principles based on physical (photometric) attributes of images to better understand the factors involved in clinician judgement of ocular surface staining and, using that knowledge, to develop photographic scales for the assessment of staining for dry eye (DE) and related conditions.
Subjects with noninfectious ocular surface staining were enrolled at five clinical sites. Following instillation of fluorescein, photographs of corneal staining were taken every 30 seconds for at least 5 minutes. The same procedure was followed for conjunctival staining after instillation of 2 µl of 1% lissamine green. A subset of the best corneal and bulbar conjunctival staining images were anonymized and a spectroradiometer measured photometric attributes (luminance and chromaticity). The images were scaled psychophysically by study investigators, who participated in constructing grading scales based on physical and psychophysical analyses. The final grading scales were refined following consultation with outside DE experts.
Photographs were collected from 142 subjects (81% women), with an average age of 58 ± 17 years; 89% were diagnosed with DE. There was a monotonic relationship between between physical measurements and psychophysically scaled staining of both corneal (fluorescein) and bulbar (lissamine green) staining. Michelson contrast and u' (chromaticity) accounted for 66% and 64% of the variability in the psychophysically scaled images of fluorescein corneal and lissamine green conjunctival staining, respectively.
This paper provides examples of the first ever clinically usable ocular surface staining scales validated using psychophysical scaling and the physical attributes (luminance and chromaticity) of the staining itself. In addition, it provides a generalizable method for the development of other clinical scales of ocular appearance.
本研究基于图像的物理(光度)属性,应用心理物理标度原理,以更好地了解临床医生判断眼表染色的相关因素,并利用这些知识开发用于评估干眼(DED)和相关疾病的染色的摄影量表。
在五个临床地点招募了非感染性眼表染色的受试者。在滴注荧光素后,每 30 秒拍摄一次角膜染色的照片,至少持续 5 分钟。滴注 2µl 1%丽丝胺绿后,对结膜染色进行相同的操作。一部分最佳的角膜和球结膜染色图像被匿名化,分光光度计测量光度属性(亮度和色度)。研究人员通过心理物理标度对图像进行标度,他们参与构建基于物理和心理物理分析的分级量表。在与外部 DED 专家咨询后,对最终的分级量表进行了改进。
从 142 名受试者(81%为女性)中收集了照片,平均年龄为 58±17 岁;89%被诊断为 DED。角膜(荧光素)和球结膜(丽丝胺绿)染色的物理测量值与心理物理标度的染色之间存在单调关系。Michelson 对比度和 u'(色度)分别解释了荧光素角膜染色和丽丝胺绿结膜染色的心理物理标度图像中 66%和 64%的可变性。
本研究基于图像的物理(光度)属性,应用心理物理标度原理,以更好地了解临床医生判断眼表染色的相关因素,并利用这些知识开发用于评估干眼(DED)和相关疾病的染色的摄影量表。
在五个临床地点招募了非感染性眼表染色的受试者。在滴注荧光素后,每 30 秒拍摄一次角膜染色的照片,至少持续 5 分钟。滴注 2µl 1%丽丝胺绿后,对结膜染色进行相同的操作。一部分最佳的角膜和球结膜染色图像被匿名化,分光光度计测量光度属性(亮度和色度)。研究人员通过心理物理标度对图像进行标度,他们参与构建基于物理和心理物理分析的分级量表。在与外部 DED 专家咨询后,对最终的分级量表进行了改进。
从 142 名受试者(81%为女性)中收集了照片,平均年龄为 58±17 岁;89%被诊断为 DED。角膜(荧光素)和球结膜(丽丝胺绿)染色的物理测量值与心理物理标度的染色之间存在单调关系。Michelson 对比度和 u'(色度)分别解释了荧光素角膜染色和丽丝胺绿结膜染色的心理物理标度图像中 66%和 64%的可变性。
本研究基于图像的物理(光度)属性,应用心理物理标度原理,以更好地了解临床医生判断眼表染色的相关因素,并利用这些知识开发用于评估干眼(DED)和相关疾病的染色的摄影量表。
在五个临床地点招募了非感染性眼表染色的受试者。在滴注荧光素后,每 30 秒拍摄一次角膜染色的照片,至少持续 5 分钟。滴注 2µl 1%丽丝胺绿后,对结膜染色进行相同的操作。一部分最佳的角膜和球结膜染色图像被匿名化,分光光度计测量光度属性(亮度和色度)。研究人员通过心理物理标度对图像进行标度,他们参与构建基于物理和心理物理分析的分级量表。在与外部 DED 专家咨询后,对最终的分级量表进行了改进。
从 142 名受试者(81%为女性)中收集了照片,平均年龄为 58±17 岁;89%被诊断为 DED。角膜(荧光素)和球结膜(丽丝胺绿)染色的物理测量值与心理物理标度的染色之间存在单调关系。Michelson 对比度和 u'(色度)分别解释了荧光素角膜染色和丽丝胺绿结膜染色的心理物理标度图像中 66%和 64%的可变性。