3rd Department of Surgery, ``ahepa`` University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Pulmonary Oncology Department, ``Bioclinic`` Private Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021 Nov;15(11):1437-1445. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1969916. Epub 2021 Aug 23.
Lung cancer still remains undiagnosed for most patients until the disease is inoperable.
We performed search on PubMed with the keywords: EBUS, radial-EBUS, bronchoscopy, lung cancer, electromagnetic navigation, ct-biopsy, transthoracic biopsy. We present diagnostic equipment and imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, endoscopical navigation systems, endobronchial ultrasound, radial-endobronchial ultrasound, transthoracic ultrasound biopsy, and computed tomography guided biopsies.
However, lack of early disease symptoms remains the most important issue and therefore we should direct our efforts to screening and early disease diagnosis. An algorithm is proposed for biopsy upon initial disease diagnosis.
大多数肺癌患者在疾病无法手术之前都无法得到确诊。
我们在 PubMed 上使用了以下关键词进行了搜索：EBUS、radial-EBUS、支气管镜检查、肺癌、电磁导航、ct 引导下活检、经胸壁穿刺活检。我们展示了诊断设备和成像技术，如正电子发射断层扫描、内镜导航系统、支气管内超声、径向支气管内超声、经胸壁超声引导下穿刺活检以及 CT 引导下活检。
然而，缺乏早期疾病症状仍然是最重要的问题，因此我们应该努力进行筛查和早期疾病诊断。我们提出了一个初始疾病诊断时活检的算法。
