Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Joint Research Institute of Altitude Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
World Neurosurg. 2021 Oct;154:e830-e837. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.08.024. Epub 2021 Aug 14.
An anterior approach is applied to establish the majority of rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) models in current studies. However, for research on disc repair via biomaterial implantation and tissue engineering, this traditional model establishment method has many shortcomings, such as the risk of general anesthesia, unnecessary tissue damage, and the influence of scar formation on the visual field for secondary implantation surgery. The aim of this study was to report a modified method of establishing an IDD model by applying percutaneous posterolateral puncturing for rabbit lumbar disc surgery under local anesthesia.
We built a rabbit model of IDD by percutaneous posterolateral annulus fibrosus puncturing (AFP) (with or without nucleus pulposus aspiration [NPA]) under local anesthesia. Then, we analyzed the outcome after 12 weeks via magnetic resonance images, disc height changes, and disc histologic grades determined from morphologic observation and histologic analyses (hematoxylin and eosin and safranin-O staining and type II collagen expression analysis).
The IDD model was successfully built based on both AFP and AFP/NPA, as demonstrated by the results of magnetic resonance imaging index, morphologic, and histologic analyses. Both methods can successfully produce an IDD model after 12 weeks. However, we found that the addition of NPA significantly enhanced the modeling results.
Our results show that percutaneous posterolateral AFP/NPA of rabbit lumbar discs under local anesthesia is a minimally invasive, safe and reproducible method of establishing an IDD model. The posterolateral surgical approach is especially suitable for disc regeneration studies that require secondary biomaterial implantation via an anterior approach after the IDD model is established.
目前的大多数兔椎间盘退变（IDD）模型都是通过前路方法建立的。然而，对于通过生物材料植入和组织工程进行椎间盘修复的研究，这种传统的模型建立方法存在许多缺点，如全身麻醉的风险、不必要的组织损伤以及疤痕形成对二次植入手术视野的影响。本研究旨在报告一种改良的兔腰椎间盘手术经皮后路环外侧穿刺建立 IDD 模型的方法，该方法在局部麻醉下进行。
我们通过经皮后路纤维环（AF）穿刺（有或无髓核抽吸[NPA]）在局部麻醉下建立兔 IDD 模型。然后，通过磁共振成像（MRI）、椎间盘高度变化以及形态学观察和组织学分析（苏木精和伊红、番红 O 染色和 II 型胶原表达分析）确定的椎间盘组织学分级来分析 12 周后的结果。
基于 AFP 和 AFP/NPA，成功建立了 IDD 模型，MRI 指数、形态学和组织学分析结果均证实了这一点。这两种方法在 12 周后都能成功建立 IDD 模型。然而，我们发现 NPA 的加入显著增强了建模效果。
我们的结果表明，兔腰椎经皮后路 AFP/NPA 联合局部麻醉是一种微创、安全且可重复的建立 IDD 模型的方法。后路手术入路特别适用于在建立 IDD 模型后需要通过前路进行二次生物材料植入的椎间盘再生研究。
