Deressa Wakgari, Worku Alemayehu, Abebe Workeabeba, Gizaw Muluken, Amogne Wondwossen
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Arch Public Health. 2021 Aug 17;79(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00668-3.
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are at the frontline in the fight against COVID-19 and are at an increased risk of becoming infected with coronavirus. Risk of infection can be minimized by use of proper personal protective equipment (PPE). The aim of this study was to assess the availability and use of PPE, and satisfaction of HCPs with PPE in six public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1134 HCPs in June 2020. A systematic random sampling and consecutive sampling techniques were used to select the study participants. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and Chi-square test was used to assess the association between the groups. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with satisfaction of healthcare workers.
The mean (±SD) age of the participants was 30.26 ± 6.43 year and 52.6% were females. Nurses constituted about 40% of the overall sample, followed by physicians (22.2%), interns (10.8%), midwives (10.3%) and others (16.7%). The majority (77%) of the HCPs reported that their hospital did not have adequate PPE. A critical shortage of N95 respirators was particularly reported, it only increased from 13 to 24% before and during COVID-19, respectively. The use of N95 increased from 9 to 21% before and during COVID-19, respectively. Almost 72% of the respondents were dissatisfied with the availability and use of PPE in their hospital. The independent predictors of the respondents' satisfaction level about PPE were healthcare workers who reported that PPE was adequately available in the hospital (adjusted OR = 7.65, 95% CI:5.09-11.51), and preparedness to provide care to COVID-19 cases (adjusted OR = 2.07, 95% CI:1.42-3.03).
A critical shortage of appropriate PPE and high level of dissatisfaction with the availability and use of PPE were identified. Therefore, urgent efforts are needed to adequately supply the healthcare facilities with appropriate PPE to alleviate the challenges.
医护人员处于抗击新冠疫情的前线，感染冠状病毒的风险增加。使用适当的个人防护装备（PPE）可将感染风险降至最低。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴六家公立医院中个人防护装备的供应和使用情况，以及医护人员对个人防护装备的满意度。
2020年6月对1134名医护人员进行了一项横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样和连续抽样技术选取研究参与者。使用自填式问卷收集数据。描述性统计用于描述数据，卡方检验用于评估组间关联。二元和多变量逻辑回归模型用于评估与医护人员满意度相关的因素。
参与者的平均（±标准差）年龄为30.26±6.43岁，52.6%为女性。护士约占总样本的40%，其次是医生（22.2%）、实习生（10.8%）、助产士（10.3%）和其他人员（16.7%）。大多数（77%）医护人员报告称其医院没有足够的个人防护装备。特别报告了N95口罩严重短缺，在新冠疫情之前和期间分别仅从13%增加到24%。N95口罩的使用在新冠疫情之前和期间分别从9%增加到21%。近72%的受访者对其医院个人防护装备的供应和使用情况不满意。医护人员对个人防护装备满意度的独立预测因素是报告医院有足够个人防护装备的医护人员（调整后的比值比=7.65，95%置信区间：5.09-11.51），以及为新冠病例提供护理的准备情况（调整后的比值比=2.07，95%置信区间：1.42-3.03）。
发现适当个人防护装备严重短缺，且医护人员对个人防护装备的供应和使用情况高度不满。因此，需要紧急努力为医疗机构充分提供适当的个人防护装备，以缓解这些挑战。
