Marcus Hannah, Hanna Liz
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Environmental Health Working Group, World Federation of Public Health Associations, Geneva, Switzerland.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022 Aug;16(4):1351-1354. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2021.162. Epub 2021 Aug 19.
This study sought to examine current national disaster risk management capacities, and identify governance barriers to strengthening national preparedness for responding to public health emergencies, associated with the anticipated climate-driven intensification of natural disaster cycles.
A mixed-methods online survey, assessing broader governance constraints to climate change adaptation (CCA) for public health, was distributed to representatives of national public health associations, and societies of 82 member countries under the World Federation of Public Health Associations. Specific questions relevant to disaster risk management capacities and barriers were analyzed as part of a narrowed focus on the CCA subdomain of emergency preparedness.
Existence of some technology, infrastructure, and/ or human resources, necessary to develop early warning and other surveillance systems for climate-related health risks was reported by 9 out of 11 responding countries. However, 7 reported persistent limitations and/ or regional discrepancies. Most significant identified barriers to strengthening emergency preparedness at the national level included governance coordination challenges, and, in the case of many developing countries, technical, medical, and human resource shortages.
The development of new frameworks for intersectoral governance and large-scale resource mobilization will prove crucial to ongoing efforts to strengthen national climate-health resiliency and prepare for disaster-associated health threats.
本研究旨在审视当前国家层面的灾害风险管理能力，并确定与预期中因气候驱动导致自然灾害周期加剧相关的治理障碍，这些障碍阻碍了国家增强应对突发公共卫生事件的准备工作。
向国家公共卫生协会以及世界公共卫生协会联盟下属82个成员国协会的代表开展了一项混合方法在线调查，评估公共卫生领域适应气候变化（CCA）面临的更广泛治理制约因素。作为对CCA应急准备子领域的重点关注的一部分，对与灾害风险管理能力和障碍相关的具体问题进行了分析。
11个回复国家中有9个报告称存在开发气候相关健康风险早期预警及其他监测系统所需的一些技术、基础设施和/或人力资源。然而，7个国家报告存在持续限制和/或地区差异。在国家层面加强应急准备方面，确定的最重大障碍包括治理协调挑战，而且对许多发展中国家来说，还包括技术、医疗和人力资源短缺。
事实将证明，制定跨部门治理和大规模资源调动的新框架对于当前加强国家气候与健康恢复力以及应对与灾害相关的健康威胁的努力至关重要。
