Dermatology -IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola - Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES) Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2021 Sep;38(5):1157-1161. doi: 10.1111/pde.14750. Epub 2021 Aug 18.
The short anagen syndrome (SAS) is a rare idiopathic pediatric disorder characterized by the short duration of the anagen phase. SAS mainly affects Caucasian children. Parents complain of their child's inability to grow long hair. Topical minoxidil may be an effective treatment for SAS; however, a slow spontaneous improvement is typical.
Our aim was to collect data on out cases of SAS and create an algorithm to facilitate diagnosis of SAS.
A retrospective review of 25 patients with SAS was performed within the Dermatology Department of the University of Bologna. We collected data regarding symptoms, pull test, hair card test, trichoscopy, trichogram, treatments, including biotin and minoxidil, and clinical outcome.
Characteristic findings included parental reporting that the hair had not required a haircut, hair card test showing hairs with conical-shaped tips, and hair shafts of different diameters, with more 10%-20% of hair shafts less than 60 μm thick on trichoscopy. Trichogram revealed an increased percentage of telogen hair with normal hair shafts and tapering ends. The mean anagen-to-telogen ratio was 66:34 (normal ratio 90:10).
We developed an algorithm to facilitate the diagnosis of this rare hair disease using clinical examination and invasive and non-invasive testing to differentiate SAS from other forms of pediatric alopecia. In conclusion, the collected data of the therapy showed that biotin alone or in combination with topical minoxidil is an effective treatment for SAS.
短生长期综合征（SAS）是一种罕见的特发性儿科疾病，其特征是生长期短。SAS 主要影响白种人儿童。家长抱怨孩子无法留长头发。局部米诺地尔可能是治疗 SAS 的有效方法；然而，典型情况是自发缓慢改善。
我们旨在收集 SAS 病例数据并制定诊断 SAS 的算法。
在博洛尼亚大学皮肤科，对 25 例 SAS 患者进行回顾性研究。我们收集了有关症状、牵拉试验、毛发卡试验、毛发镜检查、毛发计、治疗方法（包括生物素和米诺地尔）和临床结果的数据。
特征性发现包括家长报告头发无需理发、毛发卡试验显示圆锥形尖端的毛发和直径不同的毛发轴，毛发镜检查显示超过 10%-20%的毛发轴小于 60μm 厚。毛发计显示休止期毛发比例增加，正常毛发轴和渐细端。生长期到休止期的平均比例为 66:34（正常比例为 90:10）。
我们开发了一种算法，通过临床检查和侵袭性及非侵袭性检查，使用诊断这种罕见的毛发疾病，将 SAS 与其他形式的儿童脱发区分开来。总之，收集的治疗数据表明，生物素单独或与局部米诺地尔联合使用是治疗 SAS 的有效方法。
