Xiang Xiaoling, Liu Nannan, Xu Lin, Cai Yaqi
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistence Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Aug 17;224:112631. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112631.
In view of their vast global usage in both consumer products and industrial processes, environmental emission and fates of siloxanes have become concerned issue. This review summarized the research progress, especially in the last decade, on production/consumption data, toxicities, analysis methods, environmental distribution, migration and degradation/transformation of both dimethylsiloxanes and modified siloxanes in atmospheric, aquatic and terrestrial compartments from various areas (especially in China). In spite of their fast degradation (hydrolysis and hydroxylation, etc) in various matrices (except sediment), dimethylsiloxane oligomers have been found in various environmental matrices from many countries due to their constant usage and emission. Moreover, recent literatures have paid attention to behaviors of dimethylsiloxanes in industrial areas, e.g., their higher residual levels compared with residential areas and unique transformed products (such as halogenated products) arose from special industrial production scenarios. Meanwhile, although most prior studies focused on dimethylsiloxanes, identification of modified-siloxanes with other functional groups in environment have been beginning to attract the attention of scientists. Furthermore, related literatures indicated that compared with dimethylsiloxanes, both halogenated-dimethylsiloxanes and modified methylsiloxanes (phenylsiloxanes and trifluoropropylsiloxanes) could have stronger persistence due to their weaker volatilization and degradation, especially in terrestrial matrices.
鉴于硅氧烷在消费品和工业生产过程中全球范围内的广泛使用，其环境排放和归宿已成为备受关注的问题。本综述总结了尤其是过去十年间，来自不同地区（特别是中国）的二甲基硅氧烷和改性硅氧烷在大气、水和陆地环境介质中的生产/消费数据、毒性、分析方法、环境分布、迁移以及降解/转化方面的研究进展。尽管二甲基硅氧烷低聚物在各种环境介质（沉积物除外）中降解迅速（如水解和羟基化等），但由于其持续使用和排放，在许多国家的各种环境介质中都发现了它们的存在。此外，近期文献关注了二甲基硅氧烷在工业区的行为，例如与居民区相比其残留水平更高，以及特殊工业生产场景产生的独特转化产物（如卤化产物）。同时，尽管大多数先前研究聚焦于二甲基硅氧烷，但环境中其他官能团改性硅氧烷的识别已开始引起科学家们的关注。此外，相关文献表明，与二甲基硅氧烷相比，卤化二甲基硅氧烷和改性甲基硅氧烷（苯基硅氧烷和三氟丙基硅氧烷）因其较弱的挥发和降解能力，尤其是在陆地环境介质中，可能具有更强的持久性。
