Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2021 Oct;63:195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.07.018. Epub 2021 Aug 19.
Filamentous fungi Aspergillus and Fusarium species are major causes of visual impairment and blindness in immune competent individuals. Once conidia penetrate the corneal epithelium and enter the stroma, they undergo germination, and exposure of cell wall components induces a pronounced neutrophil-rich cellular infiltrate. In this review, we discuss Aspergillus and novel Fusarium virulence factors that are required for corneal infection, and describe the multiple functions of neutrophils in limiting hyphal growth in the cornea. This review will also discuss the role of neutrophils as an important source of cytokines in fungal keratitis, and highlight recent studies identifying unique characteristics of neutrophil secretion of IL-1α and IL-1β.
丝状真菌曲霉属和镰刀菌属是免疫功能正常个体视力障碍和失明的主要原因。一旦分生孢子穿透角膜上皮并进入基质，它们就会发芽，细胞壁成分的暴露会引起明显的富含中性粒细胞的细胞浸润。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了曲霉属和新型镰刀菌属的致病因子，这些因子是角膜感染所必需的，并描述了中性粒细胞在限制菌丝在角膜中生长的多种功能。这篇综述还将讨论中性粒细胞作为真菌角膜炎中细胞因子的重要来源的作用，并强调最近的研究确定了中性粒细胞分泌白细胞介素 1α和白细胞介素 1β的独特特征。
