Ibrahim Samya E, Alzawqari Mohammed H, Eid Yahya Z, Zommara Mohsen, Hassan Aziza M, Dawood Mahmoud A O
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Jun;200(6):2915-2922. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02894-w. Epub 2021 Aug 22.
Supplementation of selenium in poultry feed is required in an optimum dose and form for optimizing the growth performance and health status. Selenium nanospheres are suggested as an efficient and alternative to the conventional organic or inorganic forms. The study evaluated the effects of selenium (Se) nanospheres (SeNPs) as an alternative to organic Se (Sel-Plex) or inorganic Se (sodium selenite, Se(IV Se(IV)) on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood biochemistry, and antioxidative capacity in turkey pullets. A total of 160 1-day-old Bronze turkey poults chicks were divided into four groups with 40 pullets each. The birds were fed on four types of diets as fellow: control (basal diet, 0.01 Se mg/kg), SeNPs (0.43 Se mg/kg), organic Se Sel-Plex (0.41 Se mg/kg), and inorganic Se(IV) (0.42 Se mg/kg) for 8 weeks. No changes were seen in the body weight gain in growing turkey pullet, but chicks fed with Sel-Plex form recorded the lowest feed intake (p < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Dietary SeNPs and Se(IV) selenium sources improved the feed conversion ratio compared to other treatments. All Se forms fed on turkey pullets showed higher carcass percentage weight and liver Se content than the control group. However, the gizzard percentage weight in the SeNPs group was lower than in the other treatments (p < 0.05). Birds fed SeNPs, and Sel-Plex forms supplemental diets had a lower cholesterol concentration (p < 0.05) than the control and Se(IV). While high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration was increased in SeNPs and Se(IV) groups, and total protein concentration was higher in the Se(IV) group. Furthermore, dietary SeNPs reduced (p < 0.05) the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total lipids, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine, uric acid, urea, and malondialdehyde plasma concentrations and increased the glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and total antioxidative capacity (TAC). In conclusion, the results confirmed that feeding turkey pullets on SeNPs form with the 0.4 Se mg/kg of feed enhanced feed efficiency, growth performance, carcass traits, plasma lipids concentration, and antioxidative capacity.
为了优化家禽的生长性能和健康状况，需要在家禽饲料中添加最佳剂量和形式的硒。硒纳米球被认为是传统有机或无机形式硒的一种有效替代品。本研究评估了硒纳米球（SeNPs）替代有机硒（Sel-Plex）或无机硒（亚硒酸钠，Se(IV)）对火鸡雏鸡生长性能、胴体性状、血液生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响。总共160只1日龄的青铜色火鸡雏鸡被分成四组，每组40只。这些鸡被喂食四种类型的日粮，分别为：对照组（基础日粮，0.01毫克/千克硒）、SeNPs组（0.43毫克/千克硒）、有机硒Sel-Plex组（0.41毫克/千克硒）和无机硒（IV）组（0.42毫克/千克硒），为期8周。生长中的火鸡雏鸡体重增加没有变化，但与其他处理组相比，喂食Sel-Plex形式日粮的雏鸡采食量最低（p<0.05）。与其他处理组相比，日粮中的SeNPs和Se(IV)硒源提高了饲料转化率。所有喂给火鸡雏鸡的硒形式都显示出比对照组更高的胴体百分比重量和肝脏硒含量。然而，SeNPs组的砂囊百分比重量低于其他处理组（p<0.05）。喂食SeNPs和Sel-Plex形式补充日粮的鸡的胆固醇浓度低于对照组和Se(IV)组（p<0.05）。虽然SeNPs组和Se(IV)组的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）浓度升高，而Se(IV)组的总蛋白浓度更高。此外，日粮中的SeNPs降低了（p<0.05）低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、总脂质、甘油三酯、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肌酸、尿酸、尿素和丙二醛的血浆浓度，并提高了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（GPx）和总抗氧化能力（TAC）。总之，结果证实，以0.4毫克/千克饲料的SeNPs形式喂养火鸡雏鸡可提高饲料效率、生长性能、胴体性状、血浆脂质浓度和抗氧化能力。
