[Clinical efficacy and radiation exposure analysis of vertebroplasty and curved vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture].

OBJECTIVE

Taking the classic bilateral puncture vertebroplasty as a reference, to evaluate the clinical efficacy of vertebroplasty of the curved-angle puncture device, analyze the radiation exposure of patients and surgeons during the operation and summarize the protective measures.

METHODS

The clinical data of 49 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted from March 2018 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different surgical puncture methods, 49 patients were divided into vertebroplasty group (using classic bilateral puncture) and curved vertebroplasty group (using curved angle puncture). Among them, there were 26 cases in vertebroplasty group, including 7 males and 19 females, aged (73.25±6.36) years, 2 cases in thoracic segment, 21 cases in thoracolumbar segment, and 3 cases in lumbar segment. In curved vertebroplasty group, there were 23 cases, including 6 males and 17 females, aged (73.09±6.52) years, 3 cases in thoracic segment, 19 cases in thoracolumbar segment, and 1 case in lumbar segment. The operation time and the amount of injected bone cement in the two groups were recorded. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and modified Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were respectively used to assess the pain degree and lumbar function, the postoperative bone cement leakage or other complications were observed. The radiation doses of the two groups of patients and surgeons were compared.

RESULTS

All 49 patients were followed up for 10-22 (14.55±3.83) months. Eleven cases in vertebroplasty group and 9 cases in curved vertebroplasty group occurred bone cement leakage after surgery, and there was no statistically significant difference between two groups. VAS scores of vertebroplasty group were 6.23±0.68 before operation and 1.69±0.47 at 1 day after operation, respectively, modified ODI were (72.59±3.25)% and (33.59±2.85)%. The preoperative and postoperative VAS scores of curved vertebroplasty group were 6.46±0.56 and 1.57±0.49, respectively, modified ODI were (73.21±3.18)% and (33.17±2.37)%. The postoperative pain degree and lumbar function of the two groups were significantly improved, but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. The operation time of curved vertebroplasty group and vertebroplasty group were (17.27±9.58) min and(23.19±8.56) min, and the amount of injected bone cement were (4.91±1.49) ml and (6.58±1.42) ml. Obviously, curved vertebroplasty group has more advantages in operation time and the amount of injected bone cement. In curved vertebroplasty group, the radiation dose of the operator was (0.53±0.05) mSv and the patient was (10.64±1.65) mSv;in vertebroplasty group, the operator was (0.59±0.08) mSv andthe patient was (13.52±1.81) mSv. The radiation dose of patients in curved vertebroplasty group was significantly lower than that of the vertebroplasty group, but there was no statistically significant difference in the operator between two groups.

CONCLUSION

Both puncture methods can achieve satisfactory clinical results, but curved angle puncture can optimize the distribution of bone cement and reduce the radiation dose of patients.