Department of Psychology, University of Calgary.
Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute.
Dev Psychol. 2021 Jun;57(6):863-875. doi: 10.1037/dev0001184.
The current study examined the interaction between maternal depressive symptoms and child temperament in predicting subsequent child language skills. Participants were 252 mother-child dyads recruited from the All Our Families longitudinal cohort, a primarily middle-class sample (62.9% completed postsecondary education) from Alberta, Canada (90.5% White, 6% Asian, 3.5% other). Maternal depressive symptoms at age 3, controlling for prenatal depressive symptoms, did not evidence a direct effect on child language skills at age 5 (49.6% males; mean [M] = 5.12 years old, standard deviation [SD] = .11). However, both child surgency and effortful control interacted with maternal depression at age 3 to predict later language skills. Low effortful control was a risk factor for poorer language abilities in contexts of high maternal depressive symptoms. High child surgency emerged as a differential susceptibility marker, predicting poorer language skills in contexts of high maternal depressive symptoms but better language skills in contexts of low depressive symptoms. Negative affect did not interact with maternal depressive symptoms in predicting language skills. These findings highlight the complex interaction between maternal and child characteristics in predicting language development during a developmental period in which language skills are a prime indicator of school readiness and a predictor of future academic achievement and socioemotional adjustment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究考察了母亲抑郁症状与儿童气质在预测儿童后续语言技能方面的相互作用。参与者为 252 对母婴对，他们来自加拿大艾伯塔省的全家庭纵向队列（All Our Families longitudinal cohort），这是一个主要由中产阶级组成的样本（62.9%完成了高等教育）（90.5%为白人，6%为亚洲人，3.5%为其他种族）。在控制了产前抑郁症状的情况下，母亲在 3 岁时的抑郁症状并没有直接影响孩子在 5 岁时的语言技能（49.6%为男性；平均年龄 [M] = 5.12 岁，标准差 [SD] =.11）。然而，儿童的活力和努力控制都与母亲在 3 岁时的抑郁相互作用，从而预测了以后的语言技能。低努力控制是在母亲抑郁症状高的情况下语言能力较差的危险因素。高儿童活力则表现为差异易感性的标志，在母亲抑郁症状高的情况下预测语言能力较差，但在抑郁症状低的情况下则预测语言能力较好。负性情绪与母亲的抑郁症状在预测语言技能方面没有相互作用。这些发现强调了在儿童语言技能是入学准备和未来学业成绩和社会情感适应的主要指标的发展时期，母亲和儿童特征之间复杂的相互作用在预测语言发展方面的重要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
