Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, PBSB 340 Iowa Avenue, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health,University of Iowa, 145N Riverside Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Jan 15;297:194-207. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.015. Epub 2021 Oct 14.
Up to 1 in 5 children are exposed to maternal depressive symptoms. Children exposed to maternal depressive symptoms have poorer language skills than children not exposed to maternal depressive symptoms. Due to the crucial role of children's language skills in school readiness and academic achievement, it is imperative to understand the factors that underlie the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and children's language skills. Previous reviews have examined the mechanistic role of social-pragmatic features of mother-child interactions. However, the literature on the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and data-providing aspects of mother-child interactions, including child-directed speech, has yet to be consolidated. In this systematic review, we present maternal child-directed speech as a potential pathway through which maternal depressive symptoms influence children's language skills.
Following PRISMA guidelines, three database searches produced 546 articles related to maternal depressive symptoms, child-directed speech, and children's language skills, ten of which examined the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and child-directed speech.
Findings revealed that increases in maternal depressive symptoms may be associated with decreases in amount of child-directed speech but not necessarily with decreases in the complexity of child-directed speech.
The studies in this review varied in sample size, the inclusion of important sociodemographic factors, and the operationalization of depression and child-directed speech, thereby limiting conclusions, especially about whether maternal depressive symptoms are associated with the complexity of child-directed speech.
This review has implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at optimizing children's language skills; child-directed speech is modifiable, and mothers experiencing depressive symptoms may benefit from resources encouraging rich child-directed speech.
多达五分之一的儿童会受到产妇抑郁症状的影响。与未受到产妇抑郁症状影响的儿童相比，接触过产妇抑郁症状的儿童的语言技能更差。由于儿童的语言技能在入学准备和学业成绩方面起着至关重要的作用，因此了解产妇抑郁症状与儿童语言技能之间关系的基础因素是当务之急。以前的综述研究了母子互动的社会语用特征的机制作用。然而，关于产妇抑郁症状与母子互动中数据提供方面（包括对儿童的言语指导）之间关系的文献尚未得到整合。在本系统综述中，我们提出了母亲对儿童的言语指导，作为产妇抑郁症状影响儿童语言技能的潜在途径。
根据 PRISMA 指南，对三个数据库进行了搜索，共产生了 546 篇与产妇抑郁症状、对儿童的言语指导和儿童语言技能相关的文章，其中 10 篇文章研究了产妇抑郁症状与对儿童的言语指导之间的关系。
研究结果表明，产妇抑郁症状的增加可能与对儿童的言语指导量的减少有关，但不一定与对儿童的言语指导的复杂性的减少有关。
本综述中的研究在样本量、纳入重要社会人口因素以及抑郁和对儿童的言语指导的操作化方面存在差异，因此限制了结论的得出，特别是关于产妇抑郁症状是否与对儿童的言语指导的复杂性有关。
本综述对旨在优化儿童语言技能的预防和干预工作具有重要意义；对儿童的言语指导是可改变的，患有抑郁症状的母亲可能会受益于鼓励丰富对儿童的言语指导的资源。
