Holt-Lunstad Julianne, Steptoe Andrew
Brigham Young University, USA.
University College London, England.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Feb;43:232-237. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.012. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
While a sizable body of research demonstrates the associations between social connection and health, much of the recent focus in the broader public and to some extent among academics has been on loneliness, with more objective/structural aspects often assumed to be proxies for more influential relationship factors such as relationship functions and quality. However, evidence suggests the actual presence of others (proximity and regular contact) is essential, and many studies document these structural indicators have just as powerful and, in some cases, more potent effects on indicators of health and well-being. This paper summarizes the evidence on social isolation and health and provides a framework for why social isolation may be a powerful predictor of health and mortality.
虽然大量研究表明社会联系与健康之间存在关联，但近期在更广泛的公众群体以及在一定程度上在学术界，更多的关注点在于孤独感，而更客观/结构性的方面往往被假定为更具影响力的关系因素（如关系功能和质量）的替代指标。然而，有证据表明他人的实际存在（亲近程度和定期接触）至关重要，许多研究记录了这些结构性指标对健康和幸福指标具有同样强大甚至在某些情况下更有力的影响。本文总结了关于社会隔离与健康的证据，并提供了一个框架，以解释为何社会隔离可能是健康和死亡率的有力预测因素。
