Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana P.M.B. 1007, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Molecules. 2021 Aug 15;26(16):4943. doi: 10.3390/molecules26164943.
The aim of the study was to determine the chemical profile, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activities of bee bread from Malaysia. The pH, presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant properties, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as antimicrobial activities, were assessed. Results revealed a decrease in the pH of bee bread water extract (BBW) relative to bee bread ethanolic extract (BBE) and bee bread hot water extract (BBH). Further, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, resins, glycosides and xanthoproteins were detected in BBW, BBH and BBE. Also, significant decreases in TPC, TFC, DPPH activity and FRAP were detected in BBW relative to BBH and BBE. We detected phenolic acids such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, trans 3-hydroxycinnamic acid and 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, and flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin and mangiferin in BBE using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The strongest antimicrobial activity was observed in (MIC 1.914 µg/mL), followed by (MIC 1.923 µg/mL), (MIC 1.813 µg/mL) and (MIC 1.617 µg/mL). Bee bread samples possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Bee bread contains phenolic acids and flavonoids, and could be beneficial in the management and treatment of metabolic diseases.
本研究旨在确定马来西亚蜂粮的化学组成、抗氧化特性和抗菌活性。评估了 pH 值、植物化学物质、抗氧化特性、总酚含量 (TPC) 和总类黄酮含量 (TFC) 以及抗菌活性。结果表明，与蜂粮乙醇提取物 (BBE) 和蜂粮热水提取物 (BBH) 相比，蜂粮水提取物 (BBW) 的 pH 值降低。此外，在 BBW、BBH 和 BBE 中检测到生物碱、类黄酮、酚类、单宁、皂苷、萜类、树脂、糖苷和黄蛋白。此外，与 BBH 和 BBE 相比，BBW 中的 TPC、TFC、DPPH 活性和 FRAP 显著降低。使用高效液相色谱分析，在 BBE 中检测到酚酸，如没食子酸、咖啡酸、反式阿魏酸、反式 3-羟基肉桂酸和 2-羟基肉桂酸，以及类黄酮，如槲皮素、山奈酚、芹菜素和芒果苷。最强的抗菌活性观察到在 （MIC 1.914 µg/mL），其次是 （MIC 1.923 µg/mL）， （MIC 1.813 µg/mL）和 （MIC 1.617 µg/mL）。蜂粮样品具有抗氧化和抗菌特性。蜂粮含有酚酸和类黄酮，可有益于代谢疾病的管理和治疗。
