Wharton B
Section of Paediatrics, Royal Society of Medicine.
Nutr Health. 1987;5(3-4):211-20. doi: 10.1177/026010608700500412.
The 1970s were a decade of achievement in child nutrition in Britain. Substantial changes in infant feeding practices occurred and they were followed by measurable improvements in child health. The 1980s have not maintained this momentum. Infant nutrition is often still seen solely in terms of the breast/bottle debate. Doubtful practices, such as the use of skimmed milk and goats' milk early in life, have become more common. Many weanlings still experience frank nutritional deficiencies. For the 1990s there are 3 priorities: effective continuing measurements of the state of nutritional health in British children are required; among the many methods for promoting nutritional wellbeing health education is vital but professionally we need to deliver the same not conflicting messages; mechanisms for applying any method must acknowledge that nutrition is only one aspect of child health to be promoted and that other agencies such as the food industry and central government can make a valuable contribution when we all act in concert.
20世纪70年代是英国儿童营养取得成就的十年。婴儿喂养方式发生了重大变化，随后儿童健康状况有了可衡量的改善。20世纪80年代并未保持这一势头。婴儿营养问题常常仍仅从母乳喂养/奶瓶喂养的争论角度来看待。一些可疑的做法，比如在婴儿早期使用脱脂牛奶和山羊奶，变得更为常见。许多断奶期儿童仍明显存在营养缺乏问题。20世纪90年代有三个优先事项：需要对英国儿童的营养健康状况进行有效的持续监测；在众多促进营养健康的方法中，健康教育至关重要，但从专业角度讲，我们需要传递一致而非相互矛盾的信息；应用任何方法的机制必须认识到，营养只是儿童健康中有待促进的一个方面，而且当我们各方协同行动时，食品行业和中央政府等其他机构也能做出宝贵贡献。
