Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Universitätsring 15, DE-54296, Trier, Germany.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2022 Jan;84(1):221-230. doi: 10.3758/s13414-021-02361-7. Epub 2021 Aug 27.
We can use information derived from passing time to anticipate an upcoming event. If time before an event varies, responses towards this event become faster with increasing waiting time. This variable-foreperiod effect has been often observed in response-speed studies. Different action control frameworks assume that response and stimulus features are integrated into an event file that is retrieved later if features repeat. Yet the role of foreperiods has so far not been investigated in action control. Thus, we investigated the influence of foreperiod on the integration of action-perception features. Participants worked through a standard distractor-response binding paradigm where two consecutive responses are made towards target letters while distractor letters are present. Responses and/or distractors can repeat or change from first to second display, leading to partial repetition costs when only some features repeat or repetition benefits when all features repeat (the difference constituting distractor-response binding). To investigate the effect of foreperiod, we also introduced an anti-geometric distribution of foreperiods to the time interval before the first response display. We observed that distractor-response binding increased with increasing foreperiod duration, and speculate that this was driven by an increase in motor readiness induced by temporal expectancy.
我们可以利用流逝的时间信息来预测即将发生的事件。如果事件前的时间发生变化，随着等待时间的增加，对该事件的反应会变得更快。这种可变预期限效应在反应速度研究中经常被观察到。不同的动作控制框架假设，反应和刺激特征被整合到一个事件文件中，如果特征重复，则稍后会检索该文件。然而，到目前为止，预期限在动作控制中的作用还没有被研究过。因此，我们研究了预期限对动作感知特征整合的影响。参与者完成了一个标准的分心反应绑定范式，在该范式中，当目标字母出现时，他们会朝着目标字母连续做出两个反应，而分心字母则会出现。在第一显示和第二显示之间，反应和/或分心物可以重复或改变，当只有一些特征重复时会产生部分重复成本，而当所有特征重复时会产生重复收益（差异构成分心反应绑定）。为了研究预期限的影响，我们还在第一个反应显示之前的时间间隔引入了反几何分布的预期限。我们观察到，分心反应绑定随着预期限持续时间的增加而增加，我们推测这是由时间预期引起的运动准备增加所驱动的。
