Buda Alexandra M, Pendleton Anna Alaska, El-Gabri Deena, Miranda Elizabeth, Bowder Alexis N, Dua Anahita
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY.
Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.
J Vasc Surg. 2022 Jan;75(1):20-28. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.07.228. Epub 2021 Aug 25.
Prior research in vascular surgery has identified significant gender disparities in leadership positions, but few data exist regarding gender disparities in vascular publications. This study aims to evaluate authorship trends by gender in the three highest impact factor vascular surgery journals.
In this bibliometric analysis, PubMed was searched for articles published in the European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, the Journal of Vascular Surgery, and Annals of Vascular Surgery from 2015 to 2019. The web-based application Genderize used predictive algorithms to classify names of first and last authors as male or female. Statistical analyses regarding trends in authorship were performed using Stata16.
A total of 6457 articles were analyzed, with first author gender predicted with >90% confidence in 83% (4889/5796) and last author gender in 88% (5078/5796). Overall, 25% (1223/4889) of articles had women first authors, and 10% (501/5078) had women last authors. From 2015 to 2019, there was a slight increase in the proportion of articles written by women first authors (P = .001), but no increase in the proportion of articles written by women last authors (P = .204). The proportion of articles written by women last authors was lower than the proportion of active women vascular surgeons in 2015 (8% of articles vs 11% of surgeons; P = .015), 2017 (9% of articles vs 13% of surgeons; P < .001), and 2019 (11% of articles vs 15% of practicing surgeons; P < .001). The average number of last-author publications was higher for men (2.35 ± 3.76) than for women (1.62 ± 1.88, P = .001). The proportion of unique authors who were women was less than the proportion of active women vascular surgeons in 2017 (10% unique authors vs 13% surgeons; P = .047), but not in 2015 (9% unique authors vs 11% surgeons; P = .192) or 2019 (13% unique authors vs 15% surgeons; P = .345). Notably, a woman last author was associated with 1.45 higher odds of having a woman first author (95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.79; P = .001).
Over the past 5 years, there has been no significant increase in women last authors among top-tier journals in vascular surgery. Women remain under-represented as last authors in terms of proportion of published articles, but not in terms of proportion of unique authors. Nevertheless, women last authors are more likely to publish with women first authors, indicating the importance of women-led mentorship in achieving publication gender equity. Support for women surgeons through grants and promotions is essential not only for advancing last authorship gender equity, but for advancing junior faculty and trainee academic careers.
血管外科领域先前的研究已发现领导职位上存在显著的性别差异，但关于血管外科出版物中的性别差异数据却很少。本研究旨在评估在影响因子最高的三本血管外科期刊中按性别划分的作者趋势。
在这项文献计量分析中，通过PubMed搜索2015年至2019年在《欧洲血管与腔内血管外科学杂志》《血管外科学杂志》和《血管外科学年鉴》上发表的文章。基于网络的应用程序Genderize使用预测算法将第一作者和最后作者的姓名分类为男性或女性。使用Stata16对作者趋势进行统计分析。
共分析了6457篇文章，83%（4889/5796）的文章第一作者性别预测置信度>90%，88%（5078/5796）的文章最后作者性别预测置信度>90%。总体而言，25%（1223/4889）的文章第一作者为女性，10%（501/5078）的文章最后作者为女性。从2015年到2019年，第一作者为女性的文章比例略有增加（P = .001），但最后作者为女性的文章比例没有增加（P = .204）。最后作者为女性的文章比例低于2015年活跃的女性血管外科医生比例（文章占8%，外科医生占11%；P = .015）、2017年（文章占9%，外科医生占13%；P < .001）和2019年（文章占11%，执业外科医生占15%；P < .001）。男性最后作者的平均发表文章数量（2.35 ± 3.76）高于女性（1.62 ± 1.88，P = .001）。2017年女性唯一作者的比例低于活跃女性血管外科医生的比例（唯一作者占10%，外科医生占13%；P = .047），但2015年（唯一作者占9%，外科医生占11%；P = .192）和2019年（唯一作者占13%，外科医生占15%；P = .345）并非如此。值得注意的是，最后作者为女性的文章，其第一作者为女性的几率高1.45倍（95%置信区间，1.17 - 1.79；P = .001）。
在过去5年中，血管外科顶级期刊中最后作者为女性的情况没有显著增加。就已发表文章的比例而言，女性作为最后作者的代表性仍然不足，但就唯一作者的比例而言并非如此。然而，最后作者为女性的文章更有可能第一作者也为女性，这表明女性主导的指导对于实现出版物性别平等的重要性。通过资助和晋升支持女性外科医生不仅对于推进最后作者性别平等至关重要，而且对于推进初级教职人员和实习医生的学术生涯也至关重要。
