C de S L Oliveira Ana Luiza, Schomann Timo, de Geus-Oei Lioe-Fee, Kapiteijn Ellen, Cruz Luis J, de Araújo Junior Raimundo Fernandes
Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59064-720, Brazil.
Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Radiology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, 9600 Leiden, The Netherlands.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Aug 23;13(8):1321. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081321.
Nanotechnology is a promising tool for the treatment of cancer. In the past decades, major steps have been made to bring nanotechnology into the clinic in the form of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. The great hope of drug delivery systems is to reduce the side effects of chemotherapeutics while simultaneously increasing the efficiency of the therapy. An increased treatment efficiency would greatly benefit the quality of life as well as the life expectancy of cancer patients. However, besides its many advantages, nanomedicines have to face several challenges and hurdles before they can be used for the effective treatment of tumors. Here, we give an overview of the hallmarks of cancer, especially colorectal cancer, and discuss biological barriers as well as how drug delivery systems can be utilized for the effective treatment of tumors and metastases.
纳米技术是一种很有前景的癌症治疗工具。在过去几十年里，已经取得了重大进展，将纳米技术以基于纳米颗粒的药物递送系统的形式引入临床。药物递送系统的巨大希望是减少化疗药物的副作用，同时提高治疗效率。治疗效率的提高将极大地有益于癌症患者的生活质量和预期寿命。然而，除了其诸多优点外，纳米药物在用于有效治疗肿瘤之前还必须面对若干挑战和障碍。在此，我们概述癌症（尤其是结直肠癌）的特征，并讨论生物屏障以及药物递送系统如何用于有效治疗肿瘤和转移灶。
