Center for Science in the Public Interest, 1220 L St. N.W., Suite 300, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 225 Vet Med Ctr, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Viruses. 2021 Aug 11;13(8):1586. doi: 10.3390/v13081586.
CWD (chronic wasting disease) has emerged as one of the most important diseases of cervids and continues to adversely affect farmed and wild cervid populations, despite control and preventive measures. This study aims to use the current scientific understanding of CWD transmission and knowledge of farmed cervid operations to conduct a qualitative risk assessment for CWD transmission to cervid farms and, applying this risk assessment, systematically describe the CWD transmission risks experienced by CWD-positive farmed cervid operations in Minnesota and Wisconsin. A systematic review of literature related to CWD transmission informed our criteria to stratify CWD transmission risks to cervid operations into high-risk low uncertainty, moderate-risk high uncertainty, and negligible-risk low uncertainty categories. Case data from 34 CWD-positive farmed cervid operations in Minnesota and Wisconsin from 2002 to January 2019 were categorized by transmission risks exposure and evaluated for trends. The majority of case farms recorded high transmission risks (56%), which were likely sources of CWD, but many (44%) had only moderate or negligible transmission risks, including most of the herds (62%) detected since 2012. The presence of CWD-positive cervid farms with only moderate or low CWD transmission risks necessitates further investigation of these risks to inform effective control measures.
慢性消瘦病(CWD)已成为影响鹿科动物的最重要疾病之一,尽管采取了控制和预防措施,但它仍继续对养殖和野生鹿群产生不利影响。本研究旨在利用当前对 CWD 传播的科学认识和对养殖鹿科动物作业的了解,对 CWD 向鹿科养殖场的传播进行定性风险评估,并应用该风险评估,系统描述明尼苏达州和威斯康星州 CWD 阳性养殖鹿科动物作业所经历的 CWD 传播风险。对与 CWD 传播相关的文献进行系统审查,为我们提供了将 CWD 传播风险分层为高风险低不确定性、中风险高不确定性和低风险低不确定性类别的标准。2002 年至 2019 年 1 月期间,明尼苏达州和威斯康星州 34 个 CWD 阳性养殖鹿科动物作业的病例数据按传播风险暴露情况进行分类,并评估了趋势。大多数病例农场记录的传播风险较高(56%),这些农场很可能是 CWD 的来源,但许多农场(44%)的传播风险仅为中等或较低,包括自 2012 年以来检测到的大多数牛群(62%)。CWD 阳性养殖鹿科动物作业的存在,其 CWD 传播风险仅为中等或较低,需要进一步调查这些风险,以为制定有效的控制措施提供信息。