Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
Adv Pharmacol. 2021;92:101-150. doi: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.03.007. Epub 2021 Jul 1.
Hundreds of anthropogenic chemicals occupy our bodies, a situation that threatens the health of present and future generations. This chapter focuses on endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), both naturally occurring and man-made, that affect the neuroendocrine system to adversely impact health, with an emphasis on reproductive and metabolic pathways. The neuroendocrine system is highly sexually dimorphic and essential for maintaining homeostasis and appropriately responding to the environment. Comprising both neural and endocrine components, the neuroendocrine system is hormone sensitive throughout life and touches every organ system in the body. The integrative nature of the neuroendocrine system means that EDCs can have multi-system effects. Additionally, because gonadal hormones are essential for the sex-specific organization of numerous neuroendocrine pathways, endocrine disruption of this programming can lead to permanent deficits. Included in this review is a brief history of the neuroendocrine disruption field and a thorough discussion of the most common and less well understood neuroendocrine disruption modes of action. Also provided are extensive examples of how EDCs are likely contributing to neuroendocrine disorders such as obesity, and evidence that they have the potential for multi-generational effects.
数以百计的人为化学物质存在于我们的体内，这种情况威胁着当代和后代的健康。本章重点关注内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs），包括天然存在的和人为合成的，它们会影响神经内分泌系统，对健康产生不利影响，特别是对生殖和代谢途径。神经内分泌系统具有高度的性别二态性，对于维持体内平衡和对环境做出适当反应至关重要。神经内分泌系统由神经和内分泌两部分组成，在整个生命周期内都对激素敏感，并涉及身体的每一个器官系统。神经内分泌系统的综合性意味着 EDC 可能会产生多系统的影响。此外，由于性腺激素对于许多神经内分泌途径的性别特异性组织是必需的，因此对这种编程的内分泌干扰会导致永久性缺陷。本文简要回顾了神经内分泌干扰领域的历史，并深入讨论了最常见和不太被理解的神经内分泌干扰作用模式。还提供了大量 EDC 如何可能导致肥胖等神经内分泌紊乱的例子，以及它们具有潜在的多代影响的证据。
