Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Epidemiology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Birth. 2022 Mar;49(1):123-131. doi: 10.1111/birt.12583. Epub 2021 Aug 28.
There is a lack of consensus in the literature about the association between meal patterning during pregnancy and birth outcomes. This study examined whether maternal meal patterning in the week before birth was associated with an increased likelihood of imminent spontaneous labor.
Data came from 607 participants in the third phase of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study (PIN3). Data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire after birth, before hospital discharge. Questions included the typical number of meals and snacks consumed daily, during both the week before labor onset and the 24-hour period before labor onset. A self-matched, case-crossover study design examined the association between skipping one or more meals and the likelihood of spontaneous labor onset within the subsequent 24 hours.
Among women who experienced spontaneous labor, 87.0% reported routinely eating three daily meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) during the week before their labor began, but only 71.2% reported eating three meals during the 24-hour period before their labor began. Compared with the week before their labor, the odds of imminent spontaneous labor were 5.43 times as high (95% CI: 3.41-8.65) within 24 hours of skipping 1 or more meals. The association between skipping 1 or more meals and the onset of spontaneous labor remained elevated for both pregnant individuals who birthed early (37-<39 weeks) and full-term (≥39 weeks).
Skipping meals later in pregnancy was associated with an increased likelihood of imminent spontaneous labor, though we are unable to rule out reverse causality.
文献中对于孕期的进食模式与分娩结局之间的关联尚未达成共识。本研究旨在探究分娩前一周的产妇进食模式是否与即将发生的自发性分娩之间存在关联。
本研究的数据来自妊娠、感染和营养研究（PIN3）第三阶段的 607 名参与者。数据是在分娩后、出院前通过访谈者管理的问卷调查收集的。问题包括在分娩开始前一周和分娩开始前 24 小时内，每天通常会吃几顿饭和零食。采用自我匹配的病例交叉设计，研究了在随后的 24 小时内，不吃一顿或多顿饭与自发性分娩开始的可能性之间的关联。
在经历自发性分娩的女性中，87.0%报告在分娩开始前一周常规进食三顿饭（早餐、午餐和晚餐），但只有 71.2%报告在分娩开始前 24 小时内进食三顿饭。与分娩前一周相比，在 24 小时内跳过 1 餐或多餐的情况下，即将发生自发性分娩的可能性增加了 5.43 倍（95%CI：3.41-8.65）。对于早产（37-<39 周）和足月（≥39 周）的孕妇，跳过 1 餐或多餐与自发性分娩的发生之间的关联仍然存在。
在妊娠晚期，不吃正餐与即将发生的自发性分娩的可能性增加有关，但我们无法排除反向因果关系。
