Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
School of Biosciences, IMS Ghaziabad University Courses Campus, NH9, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201015, India.
Life Sci. 2021 Nov 1;284:119901. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119901. Epub 2021 Aug 25.
COVID-19 is a serious viral infection that struck the world in December 2019 starting from Wuhan in China, spreading subsequently to all over the world. The disease has baffled scientists and doctors worldwide in terms of its presentation, behaviour, and treatment options till now. A low mortality rate is the only relief we get so far from COVID-19 in terms of numbers. Treatment options have gradually streamlined to steroids and very few FDA approved antiviral as well as plasma therapy and supportive treatment. Monoclonal antibodies are used to tide over any impending cytokine storm but are not equally effective in all patients. Ventilation support is invariably required for moderate to severe disease varying from a simple High Flow non-rebreathing mask to BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure) and HFNO (High-Flow Nasal Oxygen) extending to full-fledge ventilation via a Mechanical Ventilator. Because of the non-availability of satisfactory treatment so far, many researchers from different biomedical fields are looking for alternative therapeutic strategies to manage the pandemic. One such therapeutic approach showing a ray of hope to combat COVID-19 infection is Mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Mesenchymal cells have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory as well as regenerative properties and various preliminary studies have shown that MSCs can reverse the lung damage and overcome the cytokine storm incited by COVID-19 infection. Also, it has improved the recovery rate of critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. In this review, we will discuss the possibility and relevance of MSCs in COVID-19 treatment and preview of various MSCs clinical trials.
COVID-19 是一种严重的病毒性感染，于 2019 年 12 月在中国武汉爆发，随后在全球范围内传播。该疾病在表现、行为和治疗选择方面令全球科学家和医生感到困惑，至今尚无定论。到目前为止，我们从 COVID-19 中获得的唯一安慰是死亡率较低。治疗选择逐渐简化为类固醇和少数 FDA 批准的抗病毒药物、血浆疗法和支持性治疗。单克隆抗体用于缓解即将发生的细胞因子风暴，但并非对所有患者都同样有效。中度至重度疾病始终需要通气支持，从简单的高流量无重复呼吸面罩到双相气道正压通气（BiPAP）和高流量鼻氧（HFNO），再到通过机械呼吸机进行全面通气。由于迄今为止尚未找到令人满意的治疗方法，来自不同生物医学领域的许多研究人员正在寻找替代治疗策略来管理大流行。一种显示出希望对抗 COVID-19 感染的治疗方法是间充质干细胞治疗。间充质细胞具有免疫调节、抗炎和再生特性，各种初步研究表明，MSCs 可以逆转 COVID-19 感染引起的肺损伤并克服细胞因子风暴。此外，它还提高了机械通气重症患者的康复率。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 MSCs 在 COVID-19 治疗中的可能性和相关性，并预览各种 MSCs 临床试验。
