Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington.
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas.
Womens Health Issues. 2021 Aug 25;31 Suppl 1:S22-S32. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2021.03.001.
Sleep, critical to military operational effectiveness, is among the top five outpatient conditions for which military women seek care, yet sleep research in active duty servicewomen is sparse. We conducted a scoping review to 1) describe literature focused on sleep disorders and promotion of sleep health among U.S. active duty servicewomen and 2) identify opportunities for future health policies and research that may improve sleep health and decrease incidence of disordered sleep in servicewomen.
The PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews informed this project. We searched Ovid; MEDLINE and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Daily and Versions; Embase; CINAHL; Cochrane Central; the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; PsycInfo; and the Web of Science, and several sources of grey literature, from January 2000 through March 2019. We used a three-step screening and data extraction process: 1) title and abstract screening, 2) full-text article screening, and 3) data extraction from included articles.
Seventeen of 1464 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most articles were retrospective, descriptive, or observational research. No intervention studies were identified. Sleep diagnoses and dimensions included insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, disordered sleep quality and duration, and narcolepsy. Sex/gender differences were documented in screening, diagnosis, risk factors, and conditions associated with disordered sleep, for example, pregnancy and postpartum status. Actionable leverage points involve military culture, training, education, treatment, and self-care behaviors related to sleep health.
Although we identified leverage points where policy changes have the potential to improve sleep health in active duty servicewomen, there is an urgent need for intervention research to address the gaps in knowledge about sleep health in this population.
睡眠对军事行动效能至关重要，是女性军人寻求门诊治疗的前五大病症之一，然而现役女兵的睡眠研究却很少。我们进行了范围界定审查，以 1）描述针对美国现役女兵睡眠障碍和促进睡眠健康的文献，以及 2）确定未来健康政策和研究的机会，这些政策和研究可能改善女兵的睡眠健康并减少睡眠障碍的发生率。
PRISMA-ScR 范围界定审查指南为本项目提供了信息。我们在 Ovid、MEDLINE 和 Epub 提前打印、处理中和其他非索引引文、每日和版本、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane 中央、Cochrane 系统评价数据库、PsycInfo 和 Web of Science 以及其他一些灰色文献来源中进行了搜索，时间范围从 2000 年 1 月至 2019 年 3 月。我们使用了三步筛选和数据提取过程：1）标题和摘要筛选，2）全文文章筛选，以及 3）从纳入文章中提取数据。
在 1464 篇文章中，有 17 篇符合纳入标准。大多数文章是回顾性、描述性或观察性研究。没有发现干预研究。睡眠诊断和维度包括失眠、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、睡眠质量和持续时间紊乱以及发作性睡病。在筛查、诊断、危险因素以及与睡眠障碍相关的病症方面，如妊娠和产后状态，记录了性别差异。可采取行动的杠杆点涉及与睡眠健康相关的军事文化、训练、教育、治疗和自我保健行为。
尽管我们确定了政策变化可能改善现役女兵睡眠健康的杠杆点，但急需干预研究来解决该人群睡眠健康知识方面的差距。
