Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Bethesda, Maryland.
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Bethesda, Maryland.
Womens Health Issues. 2021 Aug 25;31 Suppl 1:S33-S42. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2020.12.003.
Adjustment disorder (AD) is the most common mental health diagnosis in the U.S. military and is more than twice as likely to be diagnosed in active duty servicewomen as compared with male servicemembers. The literature on ADs, particularly in female servicemembers, has not been reviewed yet. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to explore the degree of research activity and summarize current literature gaps.
We created a PRISMA-ScR checklist and prospectively registered it in Open Science Framework. The literature search included articles (including studies and reports) published between 2000 and 2018 in either the grey literature or the following databases: Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Ovid Cochrane. We used DistillerSR to conduct title and abstracts screening, full-text screening, and data charting. The social ecological model for military women's health framework was used to organize the results.
After screening 1,304 records, 29 were included for data charting. Most frequently, studies were descriptive (cross-sectional) (25%), with no randomized controlled studies. The studies primarily focused on ADs' risk factors in servicewomen (76%), followed by military readiness (38%). Only 14% addressed recommendations for treatments based on expert opinion, although they did not directly test interventions, and 7% focused on health outcomes.
ADs affect the health of U.S. military women and military readiness, yet little is known about their successful treatment or health outcomes. Additional research in those areas is warranted.
在美国，适应障碍（AD）是最常见的精神健康诊断，与男性军人相比，现役女兵的 AD 诊断率高出两倍以上。AD 方面的文献，特别是针对女兵的 AD 文献，尚未得到审查。我们对文献进行了范围综述，以探讨研究活动的程度并总结当前文献的差距。
我们创建了 PRISMA-ScR 清单，并在开放科学框架中进行了前瞻性注册。文献检索包括 2000 年至 2018 年间发表的灰色文献或以下数据库中的文章（包括研究和报告）：Ovid Medline、CINAHL、Embase、PsycINFO、Web of Science 和 Ovid Cochrane。我们使用 DistillerSR 进行标题和摘要筛选、全文筛选和数据图表制作。军事女性健康的社会生态模型框架用于组织结果。
在筛选了 1304 条记录后，有 29 条记录被纳入数据图表制作。最常见的是描述性（横断面）研究（25%），没有随机对照研究。这些研究主要集中在女兵 AD 的风险因素（76%），其次是军事准备状态（38%）。只有 14%的研究根据专家意见提出了治疗建议，尽管他们没有直接测试干预措施，7%的研究关注健康结果。
AD 影响美国女兵的健康和军事准备状态，但对于其成功治疗或健康结果知之甚少。这些领域需要进一步研究。
