Visual latency of ganglion X- and Y-cells: a comparison with geniculate X- and Y-cells.

Visual response latencies and rise times of X and Y ganglion cells recorded in the optic tract of anaesthetized, paralyzed cats were measured during repeated stimulation with sinusoidal gratings. These measures were compared with visual latencies and rise times of X- and Y-cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Measurements were restricted to individual trials on which the instantaneous discharge rate exceeded a criterion amplitude defined in terms of the statistics of the baseline activity of each cell in order to screen out false alarm responses. The onset and peak latencies of ganglion Y-cells are about 10-15 msec shorter than those of ganglion X-cells at low spatial frequencies (less than 0.25 c/deg) but about 10-20 msec longer at higher spatial frequencies (greater than 0.75 c/deg/). The onset latencies of geniculate X- and Y-cells lag their ganglion counterparts by 10-20 msec. Despite a delay in onsets of geniculate responses, the peak latencies of geniculate and ganglion X-cells are similar, and peak latencies of geniculate Y-cells are even shorter than those of their ganglion inputs. The short latencies of the peak responses of geniculate Y-cells are related to their short response rise times. A functional consequence of the bursty, but fast responses of geniculate Y-cells may be to accelerate the processing of lower spatial frequencies by the retino-geniculate Y-cell pathway.