Abe Temidayo, Samuel Idachaba, Eferoro Emmanuel, Samuel Anyangwa Onyekachi, Monday Ifure Tom, Olunu EstherOlufunke, Fakoya Adegbenro Omotuyi
Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, All Saints University, Roseau, Dominica.
Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2021 Jul-Sep;11(3):131-138. doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_210_20. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
The diagnostic challenges associated with type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) evolve around an extensive evidence base. T2MI is a type of MI that occurs secondary to ischemia due to increased demand or decreased oxygen supply. This classification has been used for the last 5 years, yet there is little understanding of the characteristics and clinical outcomes. According to a survey, T2M1 can be caused mainly by different factors such as anemia (31%), sepsis (24%), and arrhythmia (17%). Other associated factors, such as age and gender, also play a part in the disease. The pathology behind T2MI is the rise and fall of cardiac troponin values with at least one value above the 99 percentile and evidence of an imbalance unrelated to coronary thrombosis. The diagnosis of the condition is evidence-based backed up with imaging techniques. The treatment of T2MI may involve blood pressure management, administration of blood products, heart rate control, and respiratory support. Depending on the clinical presentation, coronary evaluations can be used to assess the likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD). If indicated, the MI guidelines may apply to CAD. If it shows, the MI guidelines may use electrocardiography findings of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-STEMI. However, the absence of CAD indicates that the benefits of cardiovascular risk reduction strategies with T2MI remain uncertain.
与2型心肌梗死(T2MI)相关的诊断挑战围绕着广泛的证据基础展开。T2MI是一种由于需求增加或供氧减少导致缺血继发的心肌梗死类型。这种分类在过去5年中一直被使用,但对其特征和临床结果的了解却很少。根据一项调查,T2M1主要可由不同因素引起,如贫血(31%)、败血症(24%)和心律失常(17%)。其他相关因素,如年龄和性别,也在该疾病中起作用。T2MI背后的病理是心肌肌钙蛋白值的上升和下降,至少有一个值高于第99百分位数,且有与冠状动脉血栓形成无关的失衡证据。该病症的诊断以影像学技术为依据。T2MI的治疗可能包括血压管理、血液制品的输注、心率控制和呼吸支持。根据临床表现,冠状动脉评估可用于评估冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的可能性。如果有指征,心肌梗死指南可能适用于CAD。如果显示,心肌梗死指南可能采用ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)或非STEMI的心电图表现。然而,CAD的不存在表明T2MI降低心血管风险策略的益处仍不确定。