利用加利福尼亚州的众包数据评估野火烟雾对室内空气质量的影响。
Wildfire smoke impacts on indoor air quality assessed using crowdsourced data in California.
机构信息
Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Sep 7;118(36). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2106478118.
Wildfires have become an important source of particulate matter (PM < 2.5-µm diameter), leading to unhealthy air quality index occurrences in the western United States. Since people mainly shelter indoors during wildfire smoke events, the infiltration of wildfire PM into indoor environments is a key determinant of human exposure and is potentially controllable with appropriate awareness, infrastructure investment, and public education. Using time-resolved observations outside and inside more than 1,400 buildings from the crowdsourced PurpleAir sensor network in California, we found that the geometric mean infiltration ratios (indoor PM of outdoor origin/outdoor PM) were reduced from 0.4 during non-fire days to 0.2 during wildfire days. Even with reduced infiltration, the mean indoor concentration of PM nearly tripled during wildfire events, with a lower infiltration in newer buildings and those utilizing air conditioning or filtration.
野火已成为颗粒物（PM<2.5-µm 直径）的重要来源，导致美国西部空气质量指数出现不健康的情况。由于人们在野火烟雾事件期间主要躲在室内，因此野火 PM 渗透到室内环境是决定人类暴露程度的关键因素，通过适当的意识、基础设施投资和公众教育是可以控制的。我们利用来自加利福尼亚州众包 PurpleAir 传感器网络的 1400 多栋建筑物内外的实时观测数据发现，在无火灾日，几何平均渗透比（室外来源的室内 PM/室外 PM）从 0.4 降低到火灾日的 0.2。即使渗透减少，野火事件期间室内 PM 浓度均值仍几乎增加了两倍，较新建筑物以及使用空调或过滤的建筑物的渗透减少。
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