Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 15;856(Pt 2):159218. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159218. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
The increasing number and severity of wildfires is negatively impacting air quality for millions of California residents each year. Community exposure to PM in two main population centers (San Francisco Bay area and Los Angeles County area) was assessed using the low-cost PurpleAir sensor network for the record-setting 2020 California wildfire season. Estimated PM concentrations in each study area were compared to census tract-level environmental justice vulnerability indicators, including environmental, health, and demographic data. Higher PM concentrations were positively correlated with poverty, cardiovascular emergency department visits, and housing inequities. Sensors within 30 km of actively burning wildfires showed statistically significant increases in indoor (800 %) and outdoor (540 %) PM during the fires. Results indicate that wildfire emissions may exacerbate existing health disparities as well as the burden of pollution in disadvantaged communities, suggesting a need to improve monitoring and adaptive capacity among vulnerable populations.
每年，日益增多且愈发严重的山火正使数以百万计的加州居民的空气质量受到负面影响。本研究利用低成本的 PurpleAir 传感器网络，评估了两个主要人口中心（旧金山湾区和洛杉矶县地区）在创纪录的 2020 年加州山火季期间的社区 PM 暴露情况。将每个研究区域的估算 PM 浓度与普查区层面的环境正义脆弱性指标进行了比较，其中包括环境、健康和人口统计数据。较高的 PM 浓度与贫困、心血管急诊就诊和住房不平等呈正相关。在距离正在燃烧的野火 30 公里范围内的传感器显示，在火灾期间室内（800%）和室外（540%）的 PM 浓度有统计学意义的增加。结果表明，山火排放可能会加剧现有健康差距以及弱势社区的污染负担，这表明需要提高弱势群体的监测和适应能力。
