O'Brien Aisling, O'Halloran Fiona, Mykytiv Vitaliy
Dept. of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland; Dept. of Immunology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
Dept. of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2022 Jan;22(1):e34-e40. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.07.032. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
In recent years, the life expectancy of Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients has substantially improved, but this cancer remains incurable with increasing incidence in the developed world. Most MM patients will eventually relapse due to residual drug-resistant cancerous cells that survive treatment, commonly referred to as minimal residual disease (MRD). Methods to improve MRD detection in MM patients are generating considerable interest as a means of monitoring patients' response to treatment. In clinical laboratories, these methods currently require bone marrow aspirates which are invasive and frequently miss detection of localised disease due to the spatial heterogeneity of disease infiltration. By simplifying serial sampling and allowing for the detection of extramedullary disease, a blood-based method could significantly impact treatment duration and intensity and minimise chemotherapy-induced toxicity. This review will describe the current blood-based techniques available to detect MRD in MM and compare their potential to evaluate patient prognosis and drive therapeutic decisions.
近年来，多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的预期寿命有了显著提高，但这种癌症在发达国家的发病率不断上升，仍然无法治愈。大多数MM患者最终会因治疗后存活下来的残留耐药癌细胞（通常称为微小残留病，MRD）而复发。作为监测患者治疗反应的一种手段，改善MM患者MRD检测的方法引起了广泛关注。在临床实验室中，目前这些方法需要进行骨髓穿刺，这是一种侵入性操作，而且由于疾病浸润的空间异质性，常常会漏诊局部疾病。通过简化连续采样并允许检测髓外疾病，一种基于血液的方法可能会显著影响治疗持续时间和强度，并将化疗引起的毒性降至最低。本综述将描述目前用于检测MM中MRD的基于血液的技术，并比较它们在评估患者预后和推动治疗决策方面的潜力。
