NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China;Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2021 Aug 20;34(8):606-615. doi: 10.3967/bes2021.084.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the risk of cumulative exposure to Pb, Cd, Hg, and iAs through aquatic products consumed by Chinese people. METHODS: Heavy metal concentration data were obtained from the national food contamination monitoring program during 2013-2017. Consumption data were derived from the China National Food Consumption Survey in 2014 and the relative potency factor (RPF) method was used to estimate cumulative exposure for neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the cumulative exposure based on neurotoxicity was below the lower confidence limit on benchmark doses of lead (BMDL ) for nephrotoxicity and the cumulative exposures were all lower than the provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) of Cd. However, the margin of exposure values (MOEs) of the cumulative exposures for neurotoxicity in the 2-6 year-old group was close to 1 and the cumulative exposure level for nephrotoxicity accounted for 90.21 % of the PTMI. CONCLUSION: The cumulative exposures of the 2-6 year-old group to the four heavy metals did not reach (but came close to) the corresponding safety threshold for both neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Given that there are still other food sources of these four heavy metals, it is necessary to more closely study their cumulative health effects.
目的：本研究旨在评估中国人通过食用水产品摄入 Pb、Cd、Hg 和 iAs 的累积暴露风险。
方法：重金属浓度数据来自 2013-2017 年全国食品污染监测计划。消费数据来自 2014 年中国国家食品消费调查，采用相对效力因子（RPF）法估算神经毒性和肾毒性的累积暴露量。
结果：结果表明，基于神经毒性的累积暴露量低于铅肾毒性基准剂量下限（BMDL）的置信下限，且累积暴露量均低于镉暂定可耐受每月摄入量（PTMI）。然而，2-6 岁组神经毒性累积暴露的暴露量边际值（MOE）接近 1，且肾毒性累积暴露量占 PTMI 的 90.21%。
结论：2-6 岁组对这四种重金属的累积暴露量尚未达到（但接近）神经毒性和肾毒性的相应安全阈值。鉴于这些重金属还有其他食物来源，有必要更密切地研究它们的累积健康影响。
Biomed Environ Sci. 2021-8-20
Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill. 2020-3-24
Food Chem Toxicol. 2018-5-19
Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011
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