Wang Yanmin, Xiong Li, Li Juan, You Xingyong
Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Epidemic Prevention and Control, Nanchang 330029, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2024 Sep;53(5):805-810. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2024.05.018.
To investigate the pollution status of lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury in commercially available cereal-based complementary foods in infants and toddlers in Jiangxi Province, and to evaluate dietary exposure and their potential health risks.
A total of 648 samples of cereal-based complementary foods in for infants and toddlers were randomly collected in circulation in Jiangxi Province, the contents of lead and cadmium were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and total arsenic and mercury were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The dietary exposure of lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury was calculated by point estimate model. Margin of exposure(MOE) and tolerable intake(TI) were used to assess the health risks.
The average values of lead, cadmium, total arsenic and total mercury in cereal-based complementary foods in Jiangxi Province were 0.039, 0.062, 0.080 and 0.0016 mg/kg, the average detection rates are 81.2%, 94.6%, 89.4% and 73.4%. There were no exceedance samples for lead, total arsenic and total mercury. There were partial exceedances of the cadmium standard in 2015-2018, and cadmium exceedances improved significantly in 2019. The MOE values of lead and total arsenic were greater than 1 in different years, total mercury exposure accounted for 0.71%-2.13% of the provisional tolerable weekly intake(PTWI), cadmium exposure accounted for 43.5%-62.3% of the provisional tolerable monthly intake(PTMI) in 2015-2018, decreasing to7.91%-9.23% of the PTMI in 2019.
Lead, total arsenic and total mercury contamination in cereal-based complementary foods in Jiangxi Province monitored from 2015 to 2019 was relatively light, cadmium contamination has improved significantly and the health risk of heavy metal intake through cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children was at an acceptable level.
调查江西省市售婴幼儿谷类辅食中铅、镉、总砷和总汞的污染状况，评估膳食暴露量及其潜在健康风险。
随机采集江西省流通领域648份婴幼儿谷类辅食样品，采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定铅、镉含量，原子荧光光谱法测定总砷和汞含量。采用点估计模型计算铅、镉、总砷和总汞的膳食暴露量。用暴露边际（MOE）和可耐受摄入量（TI）评估健康风险。
江西省婴幼儿谷类辅食中铅、镉、总砷和总汞的平均值分别为0.039、0.062、0.080和0.0016mg/kg，平均检出率分别为81.2%、94.6%、89.4%和73.4%。铅、总砷和总汞均无超标样品。2015 - 2018年镉标准有部分超标情况，2019年镉超标情况显著改善。不同年份铅和总砷的MOE值均大于1，总汞暴露量占暂定每周可耐受摄入量（PTWI）的0.71% - 2.13%，2015 - 2018年镉暴露量占暂定每月可耐受摄入量（PTMI）的43.5% - 62.3%，2019年降至PTMI的7.91% - 9.23%。
2015 - 2019年监测的江西省婴幼儿谷类辅食中铅、总砷和总汞污染较轻，镉污染有显著改善，婴幼儿通过谷类辅食摄入重金属的健康风险处于可接受水平。
