Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Dec;131:400-410. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.032. Epub 2021 Sep 1.
Temporal cortex is a primate specialization that shows considerable variation in size, morphology, and connectivity across species. Human temporal cortex is involved in many behaviors that are considered especially well developed in humans, including semantic processing, language, and theory of mind. Here, we ask whether the involvement of temporal cortex in these behaviors can be explained in the context of the 'general' primate organization of the temporal lobe or whether the human temporal lobe contains unique specializations indicative of a 'step change' in the lineage leading to modern humans. We propose that many human behaviors can be explained as elaborations of temporal cortex functions observed in other primates. However, changes in temporal lobe white matter suggest increased integration of information within temporal cortex and between posterior temporal cortex and other association areas, which likely enable behaviors not possible in other species.
颞叶皮层是灵长类动物的特有区域，在不同物种间，其大小、形态和连接方式存在显著差异。人类的颞叶皮层参与了许多被认为是人类特有的行为，包括语义处理、语言和心理理论。在这里，我们想知道颞叶皮层在这些行为中的参与是否可以用“一般”灵长类动物颞叶结构来解释，或者人类颞叶是否包含独特的专门化结构，表明在导致现代人类的谱系中发生了“阶跃变化”。我们提出，许多人类行为可以被解释为其他灵长类动物颞叶皮层功能的扩展。然而，颞叶白质的变化表明，信息在颞叶皮层内部以及颞叶后区和其他联合区之间的整合程度增加，这可能使人类能够进行其他物种无法完成的行为。
