科学文献与评价指标：影响因子、使用计量学和替代计量学。
Scientific Literature and Evaluation Metrics: Impact Factor, Usage Metrics, and Altmetrics.
机构信息
Professor Emeritus of Surgery - NE Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH.
Professor Emeritus of Surgery - University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
出版信息
JSLS. 2021 Jul-Sep;25(3). doi: 10.4293/JSLS.2021.00010.
Evaluating the quality of a scientific article has proven to be an elusive task. The most widely used bibliometric value currently used for this purpose, the journal impact factor, was not originally designed to determine the quality of research in a scientific article. Nevertheless, it has morphed into a surrogate to delineate the quality of a journal and even to represent the quality of individual articles in that that journal. Early 21 century advances in computer technology have seen an explosive revolution in scientific publication that have included open access, online publication, and world-wide accessibility to these publications. These developments have made it obvious that more sophisticated tools are required to delimit the quality of material present in the scientific literature. Usage data, which is measured as the number of full-text downloads of a specific article, is just one new method to evaluate the source of the vast material available that can be leveraged to more fully evaluate the merit of scientific literature.
评估科学文章的质量已被证明是一项艰巨的任务。目前用于此目的最广泛使用的文献计量学价值——期刊影响因子，最初并不是为了确定科学文章中的研究质量而设计的。然而，它已经演变成了一种替代方法，用来划分期刊的质量，甚至代表该期刊中个别文章的质量。21 世纪初，计算机技术的进步带来了科学出版的爆炸式革命，包括开放获取、在线出版以及这些出版物的全球可访问性。这些发展使得需要更复杂的工具来限制科学文献中存在的材料的质量。使用数据（即特定文章的全文下载次数）是评估可利用的大量材料来源的一种新方法，可以更全面地评估科学文献的价值。
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