van der Colf Berta E, van Zyl Gert U, Noden Bruce H, Ntirampeba Dismas
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia.
Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
S Afr J Infect Dis. 2020 May 13;35(1):25. doi: 10.4102/sajid.v35i1.25. eCollection 2020.
When a pregnant woman contracts () infection during pregnancy, it may be vertically transmitted to the foetus. Information on the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) in developing countries is scarce. Most studies focus on the seroprevalence of infection among pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of infection among pregnant women attending public antenatal care in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016.
In this descriptive study, 344 urban pregnant women attending public antenatal care were voluntarily enrolled in the study. Seroprevalence of anti- Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was determined by automated immunoassay. Samples with a positive IgG result were tested for Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and specific IgG avidity by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A questionnaire captured demographic data and exposure to risk factors. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and R.
Anti- IgG was found in nine (2.61%) pregnant women. There was no association of anti- IgG with demographic characteristics or exposure to risk factors.Anti- IgM was positive in one (0.3%) woman, while three (0.9%) women had borderline anti- IgM results. Specific IgG avidity was low, equivocal and high in 0%, 33% and 67% of seropositive pregnant women, respectively.
Seroprevalence of anti- IgG is much lower in Namibia than is reported in other developing countries. Investigation into specific IgM seropositivity and IgG avidity showed that pregnant women in the central region of Namibia are at low risk of vertical transmission and development of CT.
孕妇在孕期感染（）后，可能会垂直传播给胎儿。关于发展中国家先天性弓形虫病（CT）发病率的信息匮乏。大多数研究聚焦于孕妇中感染的血清阳性率。本研究旨在确定2016年纳米比亚温得和克市参加公共产前护理的孕妇中感染的血清阳性率。
在这项描述性研究中，344名参加公共产前护理的城市孕妇自愿参与研究。通过自动免疫测定法测定抗免疫球蛋白G（IgG）的血清阳性率。对IgG结果呈阳性的样本，使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测抗免疫球蛋白M（IgM）和特异性IgG亲和力。通过问卷收集人口统计学数据和危险因素暴露情况。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）和R对数据进行分析。
在9名（2.61%）孕妇中发现了抗IgG。抗IgG与人口统计学特征或危险因素暴露之间无关联。1名（0.3%）女性抗IgM呈阳性，3名（0.9%）女性抗IgM结果处于临界值。在血清阳性的孕妇中，特异性IgG亲和力低、不明确和高的分别占0%、33%和67%。
纳米比亚抗IgG的血清阳性率远低于其他发展中国家的报道。对特异性IgM血清阳性和IgG亲和力的调查表明，纳米比亚中部地区的孕妇垂直传播和患先天性弓形虫病的风险较低。
