Kipkorir Dennis, Nturanabo Francis, Tewo Robert, Rutto Hilary, Enweremadu Christopher
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, South Africa.
Clean Technology and Applied Materials Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Private Bag X021, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2021 Aug 21;7(8):e07858. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07858. eCollection 2021 Aug.
This study aims to improve the fuel properties limitations of biodiesel which affect the engine performance characteristics in diesel engines. A ternary mixture simplex axial design model was used to determine the fuel properties of ternary blend mixture of waste distilled engine oil, waste cooking oil biodiesel, and petroleum diesel, and comparing it with existing physical properties models. The fuel properties namely: heating value, flash point, cetane number, density, and viscosity were determined by changing the composition in the ternary mixture design. Furthermore, the experimental data of the mixture model was fitted with existing viscosity, density, heating value, and flash point models. The viscosities were fitted with the Cragoe, Bingham, Arrhenius, and Kendall-Monroe viscosity models at 40 °C respectively. The best fit of the experimental data occurred in the following descending order: Arrhenius, Kendall-Monroe, Bingham, and Cragoe with R values of 0.9771, 0.9529, 0.9508, and 0.6096, respectively. The density at 20 °C, heating value, flash point, and cetane number were fitted with Kay's model based on the mixing empirical equation. The results showed that these properties were well predicted by Kay's model mixing rule empirical model due to high values of R of 0.9880, 0.978, 0.9929, and 0.961 respectively. The viscosity, density, heating value, and flash point of the ternary blend mixtures are within the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 6751 and ASTM D 975 specifications range.
本研究旨在改善生物柴油的燃料特性限制，这些限制会影响柴油发动机的性能特征。采用三元混合物单纯形轴向设计模型来确定废蒸馏机油、废食用油生物柴油和石油柴油三元混合燃料的特性，并将其与现有的物理性质模型进行比较。通过改变三元混合物设计中的成分来确定燃料特性，即热值、闪点、十六烷值、密度和粘度。此外，将混合物模型的实验数据与现有的粘度、密度、热值和闪点模型进行拟合。在40℃下，分别将粘度与克拉戈、宾汉、阿累尼乌斯和肯德尔-门罗粘度模型进行拟合。实验数据的最佳拟合顺序如下：阿累尼乌斯模型、肯德尔-门罗模型、宾汉模型和克拉戈模型，其R值分别为0.9771、0.9529、0.9508和0.6096。基于混合经验方程，将20℃时的密度、热值、闪点和十六烷值与凯氏模型进行拟合。结果表明，由于R值分别为0.9880、0.978、0.9929和0.961，这些特性通过凯氏模型混合规则经验模型得到了很好的预测。三元混合燃料的粘度、密度、热值和闪点均在美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）D 6751和ASTM D 975规范范围内。
