Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts, 02453, USA.
Department of Psychology and University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 50, Zürich, 8050, Switzerland.
J Pers. 2022 Jun;90(3):375-392. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12672. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
Are treatment effects on personality trait change ephemeral and attributable to change in clinical states? Data of an intervention study were used to examine if change in clinical states (e.g., stress or depression) accounts for change in personality traits and to test whether both changes in traits and clinical states were independently associated with substance use.
Seventy-nine substance use patients (M = 25.3, SD = 2.7; 35% female) took part at a 4-week intervention and completed a total of 15 bi-monthly assessments across 28 weeks to measure change in traits and states during and after treatment.
The results suggest that participants showed large trait and state changes over time, which happened rapidly with the majority occurring during the first four weeks. Trait and state changes were highly correlated, but not perfectly redundant. Significant variance in personality trait change remained after controlling for change in clinical states. Moreover, both trait and state change independently predicted substance use.
Personality trait change occurred relatively fast and was maintained until the last follow-up assessment six months after the end of the intervention. Also, the findings point to the notion that the conceptual distinction between traits and states may not be as important as originally thought.
治疗对人格特质变化的影响是短暂的，归因于临床状态的变化吗？利用干预研究的数据，考察临床状态（如压力或抑郁）的变化是否导致人格特质的变化，并检验特质和临床状态的变化是否都与物质使用独立相关。
79 名物质使用患者（M=25.3，SD=2.7；35%为女性）参加了为期 4 周的干预，并在 28 周内完成了总共 15 次双月评估，以测量治疗期间和治疗后的特质和状态变化。
结果表明，参与者随着时间的推移表现出较大的特质和状态变化，这些变化迅速发生，其中大部分发生在最初的四周内。特质和状态变化高度相关，但并非完全冗余。在控制了临床状态的变化后，人格特质变化的显著差异仍然存在。此外，特质和状态的变化都独立预测了物质使用。
人格特质的变化发生得相对较快，并一直持续到干预结束后六个月的最后一次随访评估。此外，研究结果表明，特质和状态之间的概念区别可能并不像最初想象的那么重要。
