Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Work. 2021;70(1):11-20. doi: 10.3233/WOR-205322.
Due to an unavailability of a vaccine, one of the efficient methods to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is by applying self-isolation (SI). Hence there is an urgent need to investigate the factors leading to an individuals' willingness to choose to self-isolate.
The current study utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a conceptual model and aimed to investigate the extent to which subjective norms, personal attitudes and perceived control influences an individual's willingness to self-isolate during COVID-19 risk.
A cross-sectional study was performed on 800 Saudi respondents aged≥18 years by using a validated self-administered questionnaire about factors related to willingness to self-isolate during COVID-19 pandemic risk based on the TPB. The effects of different variables on SI were analyzed by using ordinal logistic regression model.
A total of 756 (94.5%) were completed and analyzed. Subjective norms and perceived control over the behavior significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the intention of willingness to self-isolate, while attitude was found to be insignificant. The odds of letting others to know about self COVID status were 2.40 times higher than not telling the neighbors or colleagues. A statistically significant difference (p≤0.001) existed between males and females regarding the willingness to self-isolate. Similarly the odds of willingness to self-isolate with a presence of disabled person in family were 2.88 times higher than the absence of a disability in the family. Few recommendations for the policymakers that are needed to curb the spread of COVID-19 infection are also proposed.
The outcomes of study might be considered as an initial understanding of the factors that significantly influences an individual's willingness to SI when facing an unprecedented pandemic risk. Additionally, these factors provide a plan for policymakers to encourage citizens for self-isolation during pandemic infections.
由于缺乏疫苗，预防新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）传播的有效方法之一是进行自我隔离（SI）。因此，迫切需要调查导致个人选择自我隔离意愿的因素。
本研究以计划行为理论（TPB）为概念模型，旨在调查主观规范、个人态度和感知控制对个体在 COVID-19 风险期间自我隔离意愿的影响程度。
采用横断面研究，对 800 名年龄≥18 岁的沙特受访者进行调查，使用经过验证的自我管理问卷，调查与 COVID-19 大流行风险期间自我隔离意愿相关的因素，这些因素基于 TPB。使用有序逻辑回归模型分析不同变量对 SI 的影响。
共完成并分析了 756 份（94.5%）问卷。主观规范和对行为的感知控制显著（p<0.05）影响自我隔离的意愿，而态度则不显著。让他人了解自己 COVID 状况的可能性比不告诉邻居或同事的可能性高 2.40 倍。男性和女性在自我隔离意愿方面存在统计学显著差异（p≤0.001）。同样，家中有残疾人的人比家中没有残疾的人更愿意自我隔离，其可能性高 2.88 倍。还提出了一些需要政策制定者采取的建议，以遏制 COVID-19 感染的传播。
该研究的结果可以被认为是对个体在面临前所未有的大流行风险时影响其自我隔离意愿的重要因素的初步理解。此外，这些因素为政策制定者在大流行感染期间鼓励公民自我隔离提供了计划。
