Xiong Wei, Zhao Yunfeng, Du He, Guo Xuejun
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Front Oncol. 2021 Aug 18;11:704336. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.704336. eCollection 2021.
Immunotherapy is a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer in recent years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including programmed death-ligand 1 ()/programmed death-1 () and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 () have been used for different histologic types of cancer including primary lung cancer that represents the most common and fatal cancer globally. Among ICI immunotherapy agents, atezolizumab, durvalumab, ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab are currently used as standard-of-care (SOC) treatment for metastatic or earlier stages of lung cancer. Major issues of ICI immunotherapy in lung cancer comprise the use of immune biomarkers prior to ICI therapy, selection of ICI agents, combination of ICIs/chemotherapy, combination of ICIs/radiotherapy, sequence of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeted therapy and ICI immunotherapy, sequence of chemotherapy and ICI immunotherapy, treatment duration of ICI regimen and ICI therapy for different histopathology, stage, , and performance status. Based on the contemporary major clinical trials and authoritative guidelines, the objective of this review is to present an overview of the current status of ICI immunotherapy in lung cancer.
免疫疗法是近年来癌症治疗领域的一项重大突破。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs），包括程序性死亡配体1（）/程序性死亡受体1（）和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（），已被用于治疗不同组织学类型的癌症，包括原发性肺癌，原发性肺癌是全球最常见且致命的癌症。在ICI免疫治疗药物中，阿替利珠单抗、度伐利尤单抗、伊匹木单抗、纳武利尤单抗和帕博利珠单抗目前被用作肺癌转移或早期阶段的标准治疗（SOC）。肺癌ICI免疫治疗的主要问题包括ICI治疗前免疫生物标志物的使用、ICI药物的选择、ICI/化疗的联合、ICI/放疗的联合、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）靶向治疗与ICI免疫治疗的顺序、化疗与ICI免疫治疗的顺序、ICI方案的治疗持续时间以及针对不同组织病理学、分期、和体能状态的ICI治疗。基于当代主要临床试验和权威指南，本综述的目的是概述ICI免疫治疗在肺癌中的现状。
