National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.
National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Aug 19;11:666469. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.666469. eCollection 2021.
Vector control interventions including long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying are important for malaria control and elimination. And effectiveness of these interventions depends entirely on the high level of susceptibility of malaria vectors to insecticides. However, the insecticide resistance in majority of mosquito vector species across African countries is a serious threat to the success of vector control efforts with the extensive use of insecticides, while no data on insecticide resistance was reported from Sierra Leone in the past decade. In the present study, the polymerase chain reaction was applied for the identification of species of 757 dry adult female mosquitoes reared from larvae collected from four districts in Sierra Leone during May and June 2018. And the mutations of , , genes in were detected using SNaPshot and sequencing. As a result, one sample from Western Area Rural district belonged to , and 748 were identified. Furthermore, the mutations, west mutations and mutation were found. The overall frequency was 35.7%, 0.3%, 97.6% and 4.5% in A296G , A296S , and , respectively. The frequencies of A296G mutation ( < 0.001), mutation ( = 0.001) and mutation ( < 0.001) were unevenly distributed in four districts, respectively, while no statistical significance was found in A296S mutation ( = 0.868). In addition, multiple resistance patterns were also found. In conclusion, multiple mutations involved in insecticide resistance in populations in Sierra Leone were detected in the , A296G and alleles in the present study. It is necessary to monitor vector susceptibility levels to insecticides used in this country, and update the insecticide resistance monitoring and management strategy.
病媒控制干预措施，包括长效驱虫蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒，对疟疾防控和消除至关重要。这些干预措施的有效性完全取决于疟疾媒介对杀虫剂的高度敏感性。然而，在非洲国家，大多数蚊媒物种的杀虫剂耐药性是对广泛使用杀虫剂的病媒控制工作的严重威胁，而过去十年中，塞拉利昂没有报告关于杀虫剂耐药性的数据。在本研究中，应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）从 2018 年 5 月至 6 月在塞拉利昂四个地区采集的幼虫中培养的 757 只干成年雌性蚊子中鉴定了 757 只蚊子的种类。使用 SNaPshot 和测序检测了 基因中的 、 和 基因的突变。结果，来自西区农村地区的一个样本属于 ，并鉴定出 748 个 。此外，还发现了 突变、 西部突变和 突变。在 A296G 、A296S 、 和 中，总体频率分别为 35.7%、0.3%、97.6%和 4.5%。A296G 突变（<0.001）、 突变（=0.001）和 突变（<0.001）的频率在四个地区分布不均，而 A296S 突变（=0.868）无统计学意义。此外，还发现了多种耐药模式。综上所述，本研究在 种群中检测到了与杀虫剂耐药性相关的多种突变，包括 基因中的 A296G 突变和 等位基因中的 突变。有必要监测该国使用的杀虫剂对病媒的敏感性水平，并更新杀虫剂耐药性监测和管理策略。
