Wu Mingyue, Hu Xiangming, Zhang Qian, Zhao Yanyun, Cheng Weimin, Xue Di
College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Mining Lab Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(6):8423-8437. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16307-x. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
To control the dust pollution caused by open-pit coal mining and reduce or avoid the secondary hazards of existing dust suppressants to the environment, a biological dust suppressant was prepared through the synergistic effect of a surfactant and an enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation. The optimal ratio of biological dust suppressant was determined, and the dust suppressive effect and dust consolidation mechanism of the biological dust suppressant were investigated. The results showed that the optimal biological dust suppressant had an alkyl polyglycoside (APG) concentration of 0.3 wt.%, a urea-CaCl concentration of 0.6 mol/L, and a urease to urea-CaCl volume ratio of 1:3. The wind erosion resistance of coal dust treated with this dust suppressant was enhanced by 86.69%. The adsorption of the biological dust suppressant by coal dust was mainly due to the electrostatic interaction between the surfactant and coal dust. The mineralization product of the dust suppressant was calcite-type CaCO, which consolidated coal dust due to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between CaCO and coal dust.
为控制露天煤矿开采引起的粉尘污染，减少或避免现有抑尘剂对环境的二次危害，通过表面活性剂与酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀的协同作用制备了一种生物抑尘剂。确定了生物抑尘剂的最佳配比，并研究了其抑尘效果和粉尘固结机理。结果表明，最佳生物抑尘剂的烷基糖苷（APG）浓度为0.3 wt.%，尿素 - 氯化钙浓度为0.6 mol/L，脲酶与尿素 - 氯化钙体积比为1:3。用该抑尘剂处理后的煤尘抗风蚀能力提高了86.69%。生物抑尘剂在煤尘上的吸附主要是由于表面活性剂与煤尘之间的静电相互作用。抑尘剂的矿化产物为方解石型CaCO，由于CaCO与煤尘之间形成分子间氢键而使煤尘固结。
