Mróz Barbara, Zmaczyńska-Witek Barbara, Rachwał Andrea
Uniwersytet Opolski / University of Opole, Opole, Poland (Instytut Psychologii, Zakład Psychologii Osobowości i Badań nad Rodziną / Institute of Psychology, Department of Personality Psychology and Family Research).
Med Pr. 2021 Nov 19;72(5):509-519. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.01080. Epub 2021 Sep 3.
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships between selected personality dimensions and occupational burnout among professional and volunteer firefighters. Difficult conditions are the cause of loss of not only health but also life. Such working conditions may cause occupational burnout consisting of employee's exhaustion.
The group under examination consisted of 164 firefighters, including 76 volunteers aged 19-61 years (M = 32.49, SD = 9.21) and 88 professional firefighters aged 20-49 years (M = 33.85, SD = 10.05). This research employed the and Gough and Heilburn's along with the (MOA) (competences, relations, autonomy).
The results of the conducted research indicate differences between the examined groups of firefighters in personality dimensions (Ord: t = -2.739, p = 0.006; Mls: t = -2.159, p = 0.032; competences t = -2.390, p = 0.017). The research also enabled assessing the correlations with occupational burnout. The greatest relationship with occupational burnout in the group of volunteer firefighters concerns succorance (Suc) and total occupational burnout, and the greatest relationship with occupational burnout in the group of professional firefighters pertains to the competence dimension from the MOA model.
The results of the conducted research should be related to the cognitive aspect (the application of the new MOA model in this professional group) and attention should be paid to the personality differences between the groups of volunteer and professional firefighters. The application value for more effective work of psychologists with this professional group is also important in terms of the results obtained. Med Pr. 2021;72(5):509-19.
本研究旨在探讨专业消防员和志愿消防员的特定人格维度与职业倦怠之间的关系。困难的工作条件不仅会导致健康受损，甚至会危及生命。这样的工作环境可能会导致职业倦怠，表现为员工精疲力竭。
研究对象为164名消防员，其中包括76名年龄在19至61岁之间的志愿消防员（M = 32.49，标准差 = 9.21）和88名年龄在20至49岁之间的专业消防员（M = 33.85，标准差 = 10.05）。本研究采用了高夫和海尔伯恩的量表以及工作态度问卷（MOA）（能力、人际关系、自主性）。
研究结果表明，在人格维度方面，被研究的消防员群体之间存在差异（秩序性：t = -2.739，p = 0.006；社交性：t = -2.159，p = 0.032；能力：t = -2.390，p = 0.017）。该研究还能够评估与职业倦怠的相关性。志愿消防员群体中与职业倦怠关系最为密切的是求援需求（Suc）和总体职业倦怠，而专业消防员群体中与职业倦怠关系最为密切的是MOA模型中的能力维度。
本研究结果应与认知方面相关联（新MOA模型在该专业群体中的应用），并且应关注志愿消防员和专业消防员群体之间的人格差异。就所获得的结果而言，这些结果对于心理学家在该专业群体中开展更有效的工作的应用价值也很重要。《医学实践》2021年；72(5):509 - 19。
