College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), 266580 Qingdao, China.
State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, 250003 Jinan, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Aug 15;416:125713. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125713. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Hydrogen can be prepared by oil sludge (OS) gasification with steam, which is of great significance for industrial hazardous waste treatment and resource conservation. The gasification performance was studied by a tube furnace reactor. The OS gasification was carried out at different temperatures (600, 700, 800 and 900 °C) and with different steam to OS ratio (SOS) (0.1:1, 0.3:1, 0.5:1). During the gasification process, hydrogen production first increased and then decreased, and hydrogen production was faster in 5-15 min. The yield of hydrogen of OS gasification reached the maximum when the SOS was 0.3:1 at 800 °C. The highest hydrogen yield per unit mass OS was 48.50 mL min g. After gasification, the char yield was high, generally more than 50%. It was necessary to treat the char and incineration was an effective solution for low carbon fuels. Thus particle size distribution, incineration thermogravimetric analysis and heavy metal leaching concentrations analysis were carried out. The results showed that the average particle size of char ranged from 85 to 120 µm. The char incineration process could be divided into three stages: water evaporation, the precipitation and combustion of volatiles, and the combustion of fixed carbon and heavy components. After OS gasification at 800 °C, the leaching concentrations of typical heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were all up to the standard. Therefore, OS gasification combined with char incineration was an effective approach for the utilization of solid waste, which can recover hydrogen energy and reduce environmental risks.
氢气可以通过油泥（OS）与水蒸气的气化来制备，这对于工业危险废物处理和资源节约具有重要意义。通过管式炉反应器研究了气化性能。在不同温度（600、700、800 和 900°C）和不同蒸汽与油泥比（SOS）（0.1:1、0.3:1、0.5:1）下进行了油泥气化。在气化过程中，氢气产率先增加后减少，在 5-15 分钟内产氢速度较快。当 SOS 为 0.3:1 且温度为 800°C 时，油泥气化的氢气产率达到最大值。单位质量 OS 的最大氢气产率为 48.50 mL·min·g。气化后，残炭产率较高，一般大于 50%。需要对残炭进行处理，而焚烧是低碳燃料的有效解决方案。因此，进行了粒度分布、焚烧热重分析和重金属浸出浓度分析。结果表明，残炭的平均粒径范围为 85-120µm。残炭的焚烧过程可以分为三个阶段：水蒸发、挥发物的沉淀和燃烧、固定碳和重质成分的燃烧。在 800°C 下进行油泥气化后，典型重金属（As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb 和 Zn）的浸出浓度均达到标准。因此，油泥气化结合残炭焚烧是一种有效的固体废物利用方法，可以回收氢能并降低环境风险。
