Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Departmento de Nutritição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho, 59.078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Dec;24(18):5977-5984. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021003876. Epub 2021 Sep 8.
This study aimed to characterise the availability, the nutritional composition and the processing degree of industrial foods for 0-36-month-old children according to the neighbourhoods affluence.
A cross-sectional exploratory study.
All food products available in retail stores for children aged 0-36 months were analysed. Data collection took place in two neighbourhoods, comparing two different sociodemographic districts (high v. low per capita income), Campanhã and Foz do Douro in Porto, Portugal.
A total of 431 commercially processed food products for children aged 0-36 months which are sold in 23 retail stores were identified. Food products were classified according to their processing degree using the NOVA Food Classification System.
For NOVA analysis, of the 244 food products that were included 82 (33·6 %) were minimally processed, 25 (10·2 %) processed and 137 (56·1 %) ultra processed. No food product was classified as a culinary ingredient. The products included mostly cereals, yogurts, prevailed in high-income neighbourhoods for the 0-6-month-old group. It was observed that some categories of ultra-processed food (UPF) presented higher amounts of energy, sugars, saturated fat and salt than unprocessed/minimally processed products.
The high availability of UPF offered for 0-36-month-old children should be considered when designing interventions to promote a healthy diet in infancy.
本研究旨在根据社区富裕程度描述 0-36 月龄儿童的工业食品供应情况、营养成分和加工程度。
横断面探索性研究。
分析了所有 0-36 月龄儿童零售商店中可获得的食品。数据收集在葡萄牙波尔图的两个社区进行，比较了两个不同的社会经济地区（高人均收入与低人均收入）——坎潘尼亚和福多罗。
共确定了 431 种商业加工的 0-36 月龄儿童食品，这些食品在 23 家零售店出售。食品根据 NOVA 食品分类系统的加工程度进行分类。
在进行 NOVA 分析的 244 种食品中，82 种（33.6%）为最低限度加工，25 种（10.2%）为加工，137 种（56.1%）为超加工。没有食品被归类为烹饪原料。产品主要包括谷物、酸奶，在高收入社区，0-6 个月大的婴儿组中更为常见。观察到一些超加工食品（UPF）类别的能量、糖、饱和脂肪和盐含量高于未加工/最低限度加工产品。
在设计促进婴儿期健康饮食的干预措施时，应考虑为 0-36 月龄儿童提供的 UPF 的高可用性。
