de Oliveira Priscila Gomes, de Sousa Juliana Morais, Assunção Débora Gabriela Fernandes, de Araujo Elias Kelvin Severiano, Bezerra Danielle Soares, Dametto Juliana Fernandes Dos Santos, Ribeiro Karla Danielly da Silva
Post Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Nutrition Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Front Nutr. 2022 May 13;9:821657. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.821657. eCollection 2022.
Changes in eating patterns have been leading to an increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), negatively impacting the quality of the diet and generating risk of harm to the health of the adult population, however, there is no systematized evidence of the impact of UPF in maternal-child health. Thus, in this study we aimed to evaluated the association between UPF consumption and health outcomes in the maternal-child population.
Systematic review registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42021236633), conducted according to the PRISMA diagram in the following databases: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and CAPES thesis and dissertation directory. We included original cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies in any language. Eligibility criteria were (a) food consumption assessment by the NOVA classification, (b) health outcome (nutritional or diseases), and (c) maternal-child population (pregnant, lactating women and infants/children). All data were analyzed and extracted to a spreadsheet structured by two independent reviewers. We evaluated the methodological quality of the studies included using the Newcastle-Otawa Scale and RoB 2.
Searches retrieved 7,801 studies and 15 contemplated the eligibility criteria. Most studies included were cohort studies ( = 8, 53%), had children as their population ( = 9, 60%) and only one study evaluated UPF consumption in infants and lactating women. Panoramically, we observed that a higher participation of UPF in children's diet has been associated with different maternal-child outcomes, such as increase of weight gain, adiposity measures, overweight, early weaning, lower diet quality, metabolic alterations, diseases, and consumption of plastic originated from packaging. Only one of the studies included did not present high methodological quality.
Despite the limited literature on UPF consumption and health outcomes in the maternal-child population, the highest UPF consumption negatively impacted nutrition and disease development indicators in pregnant, lactating women and children. Considering the expressive participation of these foods in the diet, other studies should be conducted to further investigate the impact of UPF consumption on different health indicators, especially in the lactation phase for this was the one to present the most important knowledge gap.
[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021236633], identifier [CRD42021236633].
饮食模式的改变导致超加工食品（UPF）的消费量增加，对饮食质量产生负面影响，并给成年人群的健康带来危害风险。然而，目前尚无关于超加工食品对母婴健康影响的系统性证据。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在评估超加工食品消费与母婴人群健康结果之间的关联。
在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）（注册号：CRD42021236633）上注册的系统评价，根据PRISMA流程图在以下数据库中进行：PubMed、Medline、Scopus、Web of Science、Scielo以及CAPES论文和学位论文目录。我们纳入了任何语言的原始横断面研究、病例对照研究和队列研究。纳入标准为：（a）通过NOVA分类法评估食物消费；（b）健康结果（营养或疾病）；（c）母婴人群（孕妇、哺乳期妇女和婴儿/儿童）。所有数据由两名独立评审员进行分析并提取到一个结构化的电子表格中。我们使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表和RoB 2评估纳入研究的方法学质量。
检索到7801项研究，其中15项符合纳入标准。纳入的研究大多为队列研究（8项，占53%），研究对象以儿童为主（9项，占60%），仅有一项研究评估了婴儿和哺乳期妇女的超加工食品消费情况。总体而言，我们观察到超加工食品在儿童饮食中所占比例较高与不同的母婴健康结果相关，如体重增加、肥胖指标上升、超重、过早断奶、饮食质量下降、代谢改变、疾病以及包装中塑料的摄入。纳入的研究中只有一项方法学质量不高。
尽管关于母婴人群中超加工食品消费与健康结果的文献有限，但超加工食品消费量最高对孕妇、哺乳期妇女和儿童的营养及疾病发展指标产生了负面影响。鉴于这些食品在饮食中的显著占比，应开展更多研究，进一步探究超加工食品消费对不同健康指标的影响，尤其是在哺乳期，因为这一阶段存在最重要的知识空白。
[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021236633]，标识符[CRD42021236633]
