Liu Xiao-E, Su Shi-Ping
College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Aug;31(8):2574-2582. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202008.019.
Combined with field observation and indoor water immersion test, water holding characteristics of litters from five typical plantations (, , var. , +, var. +) in southern and northern mountains of Lanzhou City were examined. Results showed that litter mass under the plantations ranged from 13.50 to 47.01 t·hm, with an order of var. +＞+＞＞＞ var. . The percentage of un-decomposed litters was greater than that of semi-decomposed litters in all plantations except for plantations. The maximum water-holding rate of litters ranged from 190.8% to 262.7%, with the greatest value in the var. + and the lowest in plantations. The maximum water-holding capacity of litters was 35.29-123.59 t·hm, with an order of var. +＞+＞＞＞ var. . Litter water absorption rate declined linearly within the first hour, and then decreased slowly. Semi-decomposed litters had a higher water-absorption rate than un-decomposed litters. The maximum water retaining amount and effective retaining amount of the litters were var. +＞+＞＞＞ var. var. + had the highest effective retaining rate. var. + plantation had highest capacity for soil and water conservation in southern and northern mountains of Lanzhou City.
结合野外观察和室内浸水试验，对兰州市南北两山5种典型人工林（，， 变种，+， 变种+）凋落物的持水特性进行了研究。结果表明，各人工林下凋落物质量在13.50～47.01 t·hm之间，排序为 变种+＞+＞＞＞ 变种。除人工林外，各人工林中未分解凋落物的比例均大于半分解凋落物。凋落物最大持水率在190.8%～262.7%之间，其中 变种+最大，人工林最小。凋落物最大持水量为35.29～123.59 t·hm，排序为 变种+＞+＞＞＞ 变种。凋落物吸水速率在第1小时内呈线性下降，之后缓慢降低。半分解凋落物的吸水速率高于未分解凋落物。凋落物最大持水量和有效持水量排序为 变种+＞+＞＞＞ 变种， 变种+有效持水率最高。 变种+人工林在兰州市南北两山具有最高的水土保持能力。
