Yunnan Provincial Observation and Research Station of Soil Degradation and Restoration for Cultivating Plateau Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
Yunnan Provincial Observation and Research Station of Soil Degradation and Restoration for Cultivating Plateau Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jan 10;803:149864. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149864. Epub 2021 Aug 25.
Understanding the distribution of hyperaccumulators helps to implement more efficient phytoremediation strategies of contaminated sites, however, limited information is available. Here, we investigated the geographical distribution of the first-known arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata in China and the key factors under two climate change scenarios (SSP 1-2.6 and SSP 5-8.5) at two time points (2030 and 2070). Species distribution model (MaxEnt) was applied to examine P. vittata distribution based on 399 samples from field surveys and existing specimen records. Further, among 23 environmental factors, 11 variables were used in the MaxEnt model, including temperature, precipitation, elevation, soil property, and UV-B radiation. The results show that P. vittata can grow in ~23% of the regions in China. Specifically, it is mainly distributed in 11 provinces of southern China, including Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu. Besides, eastern Sichuan, and southern Henan, Shaanxi, and Anhui are suitable for P. vittata growth. Under two climate change scenarios, P. vittata distribution in China would decrease by ~5.76-7.46 × 10 km in 2030 and ~3.22-4.68 × 10 km in 2070, with southern Henan and most Jiangsu being unsuitable for P. vittata growth. Among the 11 environmental variables, the minimum temperature of coldest month (bio6) and temperature annual range (bio7) are the two key factors limiting P. vittata distribution. At bio6 <-5 °C and/or bio7 >33 °C, the regions are unsuitable for P. vittata growth. Based on the MaxEnt model, precipitation had limited effects, so P. vittata can probably survive under both dry and moist environments. This study helps guide phytoremediation of As-polluted soils using P. vittata and provides an example to evaluate habitat suitability of hyperaccumulators at international scales.
了解超富集植物的分布有助于实施更有效的污染场地植物修复策略，但目前可用的信息有限。在这里，我们调查了中国首例砷超富集植物凤尾蕨的地理分布，以及在两个气候变化情景（SSP1-2.6 和 SSP5-8.5）下两个时间点（2030 年和 2070 年）的关键因素。应用物种分布模型（最大熵）基于实地调查和现有标本记录的 399 个样本来检验凤尾蕨的分布。此外，在 23 个环境因素中，有 11 个变量被用于最大熵模型，包括温度、降水、海拔、土壤特性和 UV-B 辐射。结果表明，凤尾蕨可以在中国约 23%的地区生长。具体来说，它主要分布在中国南部的 11 个省份，包括海南、广东、广西、云南、贵州、湖南、湖北、江西、福建、浙江和江苏。此外，四川东部、河南南部、陕西南部和安徽也适合凤尾蕨生长。在两种气候变化情景下，中国的凤尾蕨分布面积将在 2030 年减少约 5.76-7.46×10^5km^2，在 2070 年减少约 3.22-4.68×10^5km^2，河南南部和大部分江苏将不再适合凤尾蕨生长。在 11 个环境变量中，最冷月最低温度（bio6）和温度年较差（bio7）是限制凤尾蕨分布的两个关键因素。当 bio6<-5°C 和/或 bio7>33°C 时，该地区不适合凤尾蕨生长。基于最大熵模型，降水的影响有限，因此凤尾蕨可能在干燥和湿润的环境中都能生存。本研究有助于指导利用凤尾蕨进行砷污染土壤的植物修复，并为评估超富集植物在国际范围内的栖息地适宜性提供了一个范例。
