Tabrizikahou Alireza, Kuczma Mieczysław, Nowotarski Piotr, Kwiatek Małgorzata, Javanmardi Ahad
Institute of Building Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 5, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
UNIBEP S.A., 3 Maja 19, 17-100 Bielsk Podlaski, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Aug 25;14(17):4824. doi: 10.3390/ma14174824.
Every year, structural flaws or breakdowns cause thousands of people to be harmed and cost billions of dollars owing to the limitations of design methods and materials to withstand extreme earthquakes. Since earthquakes have a significant effect on sustainability factors, there is a contradiction between these constraints and the growing need for more sustainable structures. There has been a significant attempt to circumvent these constraints by developing various techniques and materials. One of these viable possibilities is the application of smart structures and materials such as shape memory and piezoelectric materials. Many scholars have examined the use of these materials and their structural characteristics up to this point, but the relationship between sustainability considerations and the deployment of smart materials has received little attention. Therefore, through a review of previous experimental, numerical, and conceptual studies, this paper attempts to draw a more significant relationship between smart materials and structural sustainability. First, the significant impact of seismic events on structural sustainability and its major aspects are described. It is then followed by an overview of the fundamentals of smart material's behaviour and properties. Finally, after a comprehensive review of the most recent applications of smart materials in structures, the influence of their deployment on sustainability issues is discussed. The findings of this study are intended to assist researchers in properly addressing sustainability considerations in any research and implementation of smart materials by establishing a more explicit relationship between these two concepts.
由于设计方法和材料在抵御极端地震方面存在局限性，每年结构缺陷或故障都会导致数千人受到伤害，并造成数十亿美元的损失。由于地震对可持续性因素有重大影响，这些限制与对更可持续结构日益增长的需求之间存在矛盾。人们已经做出了重大努力，通过开发各种技术和材料来规避这些限制。其中一种可行的可能性是应用智能结构和材料，如形状记忆材料和压电材料。到目前为止，许多学者已经研究了这些材料的使用及其结构特性，但可持续性考量与智能材料应用之间的关系却很少受到关注。因此，通过回顾以往的实验、数值和概念性研究，本文试图揭示智能材料与结构可持续性之间更重要的关系。首先，描述了地震事件对结构可持续性的重大影响及其主要方面。接着概述了智能材料的行为和特性基础。最后，在全面回顾智能材料在结构中的最新应用之后，讨论了其应用对可持续性问题的影响。本研究的结果旨在通过在这两个概念之间建立更明确的关系，帮助研究人员在智能材料的任何研究和应用中正确地考虑可持续性因素。
