Lin Yu-Ching, Tseng Ing-Jy, Lu Yi-Chien, Yang Shao-Wei, Wu Chia-Chi, Lin Yen-Nung, Chan Wing P
Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Tayoun 33001, Taiwan.
School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
J Clin Med. 2021 Aug 30;10(17):3924. doi: 10.3390/jcm10173924.
Falling is a major public health concern of elderly people. We aimed to determine if lean mass and spatiotemporal gait parameters could predict the risk of falling in elderly women and also study the relationships between lean mass and gait characteristics.
Twenty-four community women were prospectively recruited (mean age, 72.30 ± 5.31 years). Lean mass was measured using dual-energy fan-beam X-ray absorptiometry. Gait characteristics were assessed using spatiotemporal analysis. Fall risks were assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International. Fall histories were recorded. Appropriate statistical analyses were applied to determine lean mass and gait characteristics in predicting the risk of fall and the associations between lean mass and gait characteristics.
There were 14 participants (58.33%) with fall histories. Patients with fall histories had a significantly narrower base of support and lower BBS score. However, only the base of support was significantly associated with fall risk (odds ratio, 0.415; = 0.022). Lean mass was significantly negatively associated with proportion of swing phase and positively associated with proportions of stance and double-support phases.
Fall risk among elderly women can be predicted using base of support, where a narrower base predicts a greater fall risk. Although the lean mass was not related to risk of fall, lean mass is still related to some gait characteristics.
跌倒问题是老年人的主要公共卫生问题。我们旨在确定瘦体重和时空步态参数是否能够预测老年女性的跌倒风险，并研究瘦体重与步态特征之间的关系。
前瞻性招募了24名社区女性（平均年龄72.30±5.31岁）。使用双能扇形束X线吸收法测量瘦体重。采用时空分析评估步态特征。使用伯格平衡量表（BBS）和国际跌倒效能量表评估跌倒风险。记录跌倒史。应用适当的统计分析来确定瘦体重和步态特征在预测跌倒风险中的作用以及瘦体重与步态特征之间的关联。
有14名参与者（58.33%）有跌倒史。有跌倒史的患者支撑面明显更窄，BBS评分更低。然而，只有支撑面与跌倒风险显著相关（优势比，0.415；P = 0.022）。瘦体重与摆动期比例显著负相关，与站立期和双支撑期比例显著正相关。
可以使用支撑面来预测老年女性的跌倒风险，支撑面越窄，跌倒风险越高。虽然瘦体重与跌倒风险无关，但瘦体重仍与一些步态特征有关。
