Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Department of Economics, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 6;18(17):9392. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179392.
Understanding the specific factors associated with poor health is critical to improve the health of homeless people. This study aimed to analyze the influence of personal variables, interpersonal relationships, and the influence of social services on the health of homeless people. A secondary analysis was applied to cross-sectional data from a sample of 1382 homeless people living in the Basque Country (Spain) (75.69% male). Multinomial logistic regression modelling was used to analyze the relationship between health and personal variables, interpersonal variables, perceived help and use of the social services. Relationships with the family, using a day center, and a sufficient and high perceived help of the social services were significant factors associated with good health. On the other hand, spending the day alone or using mental and health care services are associated with poor health. In the same way, the longer a person has been homeless, the worse their expected state of health is. Addressing housing exclusion, promoting interpersonal relationships, using a day center, and developing the use and perceived helpfulness of social services stand out as key factors in improving health status. Social policies are usually focused on housing. However, this paper also highlights the relevance of developing interpersonal relationships and using day centers to improve homeless people's health.
了解与健康状况不佳相关的具体因素对于改善无家可归者的健康状况至关重要。本研究旨在分析个人变量、人际关系和社会服务对无家可归者健康的影响。对巴斯克地区（西班牙）1382 名无家可归者样本的横断面数据进行了二次分析（75.69%为男性）。采用多项逻辑回归模型分析健康与个人变量、人际关系变量、感知帮助和社会服务使用之间的关系。与家人的关系、使用日间中心以及对社会服务的充分和高度感知帮助是与良好健康相关的重要因素。另一方面，独自度过一天或使用精神和医疗保健服务与健康状况不佳有关。同样，一个人无家可归的时间越长，其预期健康状况就越差。解决住房排斥问题、促进人际关系、使用日间中心以及发展社会服务的使用和感知有用性是改善健康状况的关键因素。社会政策通常侧重于住房。然而，本文还强调了发展人际关系和使用日间中心以改善无家可归者健康的重要性。
